- 學位論文
以平行運算法進行火場模擬之初探
Pilot Study about the Application of Parallel Computing Technique in Fire Simulation
摘要
最近幾年火災發生的頻率及其危害程度，與我國社會的發展，特別是經濟的發展基本成反比關係。一旦發生火災，不管是娛樂場所還是工廠(特別是大型娛樂場所和化工企業)，火勢蔓延迅速，短時間成災，後果十分嚴重。台中阿拉夜店大火造成九死八傷的慘劇，無疑是對防火安全管理敲了一記警鐘。 為模擬火場資料(如流場向量、流場溫度、煙濃度、一氧化碳濃度、熱輻射等)，過去多運用電腦模擬計算流體力學(Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD)技術，模擬流場、火災成長、煙流擴散等情境，可解析熱驅動的低速流場，著重在煙流及熱傳遞的現象，同時也可模擬撒水頭作動，計算撒水後火場的變化，亦可用於通風模擬。 本研究利用平行運算方法來建立一個物理模型，並透過羅德島的案例讓物理引擎與FDS系統來進行釋熱率曲線與煙層厚度，來瞭解物理模型是否可以簡化火場模擬的模式，以期未來可以提供消防局進行火場起火點辨識或是針對轄區內危險區域模擬火災搶救訓練之用。
並列摘要
In recent years, the frequency and severity of fire accident are getting more and more serious. Especially for big entertainment place and chemical factories, once it has fire, it will stretch rapidly in a short time with very serious damage. For example, the fire accident of ALA Night Club in Taichung took 9 deaths and 8 injured. It alerts the current safety management in fire prevention. For simulating the data in fire, such as vector flow, flow temperature, smoke density, CO density, thermal radiation, etc., it always uses Computational Fluid Dynamics techniques (CFD) to simulate the flow, fire growing, and smoke stretch. The simulation could be used for analyzing the low speed flow of thermal, the situation of smoke flow, and heat conduction. Also, it could also be used for simulating the movement in sprinkling water, and estimating the change after sprinkling, or having simulation in air flow.This research is using parallel computing to build up a physical model. By taking the case in Rhode Island, it uses physical engine and FDS system to simulate the curve in heat releasing and depth of smoke. This study would make the researcher to make sure if the physical model could simplify the model for simulating fire accident. The research result is expected to provide Fire Bureau to recognize the ignition point, or have the training for rescuing from fire in the future.