以支撐液膜傳送分離銅(Ⅱ)和鎘(Ⅱ)離子之研究

Studies on the Transport and Separation of Copper(Ⅱ) and Cadmium(Ⅱ) Ions by Supported Liquid Membranes

林劍壕(Jian-Hau Lin)

指導教授 ： 蔡德華

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/化學工程所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

本論文係在25℃下以酸性萃取劑二(2-乙基己基)磷酸為載劑，煤油為稀釋劑之支撐液膜傳送分離硫酸鹽水溶液中重金屬銅(Ⅱ)和鎘(Ⅱ)離子之研究，藉由實驗結果來探討其在支撐液膜整個傳送過程中的現象。
在支撐液膜實驗結果中，發現銅和鎘的透過係數與進料相pH值、液膜中載劑濃度及進料相金屬離子濃度比有關；並且顯示鎘(Ⅱ)比銅(Ⅱ)具有競爭透過優勢，鎘(Ⅱ)的初始透過係數較銅(Ⅱ)高。隨著進料相初始pH值的增加，銅(Ⅱ)和鎘(Ⅱ)的初始透過係數均增加，而鎘(Ⅱ)的初始透過係數則增加較快。銅(Ⅱ)和鎘(Ⅱ)的初始透過係數也隨載劑濃度之增加而增加。此外，改變進料液銅鎘離子濃度比，由實驗結果發現銅(Ⅱ)與鎘(Ⅱ)的透過係數皆隨時間而遞減。可以證明銅(Ⅱ)與鎘(Ⅱ)存在著同時競爭的關係。至於分離效果部份，由實驗結果可發現，不論改變進料相pH值、液膜中載劑濃度及進料相金屬離子濃度比，其膜分離因數之值並不大且隨時間並無明顯改變

關鍵字

支撐液膜 ； 萃取 ； 透過係數 ； 銅 ； 鎘 ； 二(2-乙基己基)磷酸

並列摘要

In this research, the transportation and separation of copper(2+) and cadmium(2+) ions in sulfate solutions through a supported liquid membrane were studied at 25℃. The carrier in the supported liquid membrane was di(2-ethylhexyl)- phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) dissolved in kerosene. We investigated the phenomena during the transport processes in supported liquid membrane based on the experimental one.
The experimental results of supported liquid membrane indicated that the overall permeabilities of copper(2+) and cadmium(2+) were correlated with the pH value of feed phase, the carrier concentration in liquid membrane, and the ratios of metal ions concentrations in the feed solutions. Besides, it showed that the cadmium(2+) had higher initial permeability than the copper(2+). The initial permeability of both copper(2+) and cadmium(2+) increased with increasing of the initial pH of feed solution while the initial permeability of cadmium(2+) increased very fast. The initial permeability of copper(2+) and cadmium(2+) increased with increasing of the carrier concentration. In addition, changing the feeding fluid copper and cadmium concentration ratio, the experimental results showed that copper and the cadmium penetration coefficient all decreases accordingly. This indicates that here exists competition between copper(2+) and cadmium(2+) ions. As for separation effect the experimental results show that changing the pH value of feed phase, the carrier concentration in liquid membrane, or the ratios of metal ions concentrations in the feed solutions, essentially caused no big the values change of the membrane factor. And, furthermore, there factors did not change with time obviously.

並列關鍵字

Supported Liquid Membrane ； Extraction ； Stripping ； Copper ； Cadmium ； D2EHPA

參考文獻

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