- 學位論文
四氧化三鐵核層複合材料磺酸化性質分析應用
The application and analysis of sulfonated core-shell composite materials with magnetite core
摘要
本研究係利用化學共沉法，於一般空氣環境下，配製Fe3+: Fe2+=0.7 : 1之含鐵離子溶液，添加過量弱鹼尿素，製備出具有粒徑分布均一、平均粒徑大小約200nm左右，飽和磁化率為70 emu/g且具超順磁性之奈米四氧化三鐵(Fe3O4)顆粒。由於以共沉法生成之Fe3O4因表面帶有氫氧基則為親水性，利用油酸對四氧化三鐵表面進行改質，使得四氧化三鐵與油酸之間於表面產生作用，使表面帶有-COO官能基，使其具有良好分散性並提供表面具有強的疏水性，以利後續繼續進行乳化聚合時，使奈米Fe3O4可以分散於油相苯乙烯(styrene)中。以乳化聚合方式合成於Fe3O4/聚苯乙烯（Polystyrene）核層（core-shell）結構之磁性複合材料，於系統中添加適當共穩定劑PVP或正十六烷（Hexadexane），調整界面活性劑SDS與起始劑KPS之濃度，於溫度70℃反應時間3小時成功合成出粒徑大小2μm左右之Fe3O4/PS複合材料顆粒。為增加該複合材料顆粒之應用性，使Fe3O4/PS複合材料顆粒表面高分子帶有功能性之官能基，利用濃硫酸直接添加入Fe3O4/ PS磁性複合材料，於溫度60℃下進行攪拌6小時，苯乙烯磺酸化莫耳分率為0.29。為瞭解具有磺酸根官能基的Fe3O4/ PS磁性複合材料實際應用性，對含不同種類重金屬離子濃度10ppm之廢水進行吸附實驗，本研究所製備之磺酸化Fe3O4/PS磁性複合材料對重金屬離子有一定之去除效果。
並列摘要
The magnetite nanoparticles were prepared by chemical coprecipitation method. With Fe3+:Fe2+=0.7:1 and urea as base source, the prepared superparamagnetic nano magnetite had uniform particle size distribution at about 200 nm and the saturated magnetization of magnetite of about 70 emu/g. The surface of nano magnetite with can be modification modified of with oleic acid oleic acid canto provide hydrophobic groups in order to be dispersed in hydrophobic medium during the emulsion polymerization. The core-shell composite Fe3O4/polystyrene materials can be synthesized with emulsion polymerization method with monomer styrene as oil phase. The emulsion polymerization parameters including costablizer, surfactant, initiator, temperature and reaction time were investigated. The Fe3O4/PS composite particles with 2μm diameter were prepared. For the application of the magnetic composite material, the surface of Fe3O4/PS composite particles was modified by sulfonation process to provide the surface with sulfonic functional groups. The sulfonation of Fe3O4/polystyrene composite materials was conducted by treating with concentrated sulfuric acid at 60℃ for 6 hours. The mole ratio of sulfonated functional group to styrene was about 0.29. The product can be applied for the removal of metal cations from wastewater by ion exchange mechanism.