應用CFD模擬技術決定RFID感測器在會議室內空調系統之最佳置放位置

Determination of RFID Sensor Locations for an Adapted Air-Conditioning System in a Conference Room

林敬博(Ching-Po Lin)

指導教授 ： 楊安石

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2011.00320

摘要

溫度感測器安裝的位置對建築物室內環境空調控制有效性有極大的影響，現存許多已成形的無線射頻辨識(Radio-Frequency Identification, RFID)感測器顯示其可利用較低成本的技術，使位於較遠的感應器傳送遙測數據回控制中心，以達到節能與提高熱舒適的目的。本研究提出一新穎的方法，利用計算流體力學(CFD)的模擬技術決定有效的RFID溫度感測器位置，來提供適宜的溫度回饋信號給空調(Air-Conditioning, AC)控制系統。為進行可行性分析，我們考慮一標準全尺寸會議室的常規入口速度和溫度條件，來檢視三維空間中的熱流過程。當無人在房間的情況下，先利用CFD模擬求解室內流場的速度和溫度分佈，而後與從Testo400及RFID溫度感測器於此基準狀態時所獲得量測數據比對，以驗證數值預測準確性。接續考慮室內有8名於不同位置就座之受測人員，假設每人平均散熱量為75瓦條件下，使用CFD軟體來預測室內溫度分佈，比較基準溫度場及人體活動區域來計算最大溫度變化的均方根值(RMS)，並同時考量熱舒適條件來決定最佳的RFID感應器置放位置，以獲致會議室內良好空調控制。

關鍵字

CFD模擬 ； 感測器設置 ； RFID ； 空調系統

並列摘要

The installation locations of sensors can substantially affect the performance of building thermal control. Various types of radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags have shown their potential as low-cost remote sensors to transmit telemetry data back to a command center for enhancement of the energy saving and thermal comfort purposes. This study presents a novel method using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based simulations to determine the effective RFID temperature sensor locations for providing an adapted air-conditioning (AC) control system with appropriate temperature feedback signals. To conduct the feasibility analysis of this method, we consider the three-dimensional thermo- flow process with the specified inlet air velocity and temperature conditions in a standard full-scale conference room. With no personnel in the room, the airflow velocity and temperature distributions were first solved using CFD simulations and then validated against the measurements obtained from a Testo 400 and RFID temperature sensors for system identification at the baseline state. Considering 8 employees (as the heat sources with a typical averaged heat load of 75W for each person) at different seat arrangements, the predicted indoor temperature distributions using the validated CFD software were compared with the baseline temperature field to evaluate the promising sensor locations, which were determined by the high root mean square (RMS) values of temperature variations in conjunction with the thermal comfort consideration over the human activity area. The simulated results evidently indicate the proper RFID sensor positions readily integrated into an adapted air-conditioning control system in the conference room.

並列關鍵字

CFD simulation ； Adapted air-conditioning system ； Sensor setting ； RFID

參考文獻

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