既有地下五層樓結構物之滲漏防水研究

Basement Waterproofing for an Existing Five Basement Floor

Lamin(Lamin Jatta)

指導教授 ： 倪至寬

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與環境工程國際學生研究所專班/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2014.00452

摘要

造成地下室滲漏的潛在因素有很多種，包括樓版和牆面的既有裂縫、水和濕氣透過結構中孔隙的毛細作用、豪大雨造成的淹水等等。本文研究焦點主要在於既有地下五層樓結構物之滲漏情況於因研判，以及如何擬定出單一方案或是多種防水系統及產品的組合，以便能以有效率且經濟的方式來解決滲漏問題。本研究同時也進行了滲漏現況之現地調查，且研判出的滲漏原因範圍概括樓版、牆面及梁柱上的結構裂縫，和混凝土結構之伸縮縫、冷縫，以及上方無遮蔽物疏導雨水造成的滲漏。
對於本案研究之地下結構物牆面，可依下列可能之治理方式來保持牆面乾燥不滲漏：(1)以具有可塑性之導水模版和排水溝將滲漏水疏導 (2)藉由灌注能與地下水反應並就地膨脹形成一緊緻且不透水膜之材料來施作隔幕灌漿 (3)於樓版及牆面上塗抹防水膜以阻止水份透過結構物內的孔隙滲入並形成礦物質結晶(白華) (4)藉由灌注膨脹止水材於潮濕、充滿水分的結構裂縫中來阻止地下水繼續滲入（5）安装防潮当然由充当一个屏障防止潮湿上升地下室的墙壁上喷射液体;（6）电渗透防潮凡触电电缆安装在地下室墙的底部沿其周边产生放电的电脉冲在墙壁减轻潮气。

關鍵字

地下室防水 ； 複壁 ； 導水 ； 高壓灌注止漏 ； 裂縫灌注 ； 電滲透防潮

並列摘要

The potential causes of leakage in basements can be numerous and ranges from existing cracks on walls and floors, permeation of water or moisture through porous structures and flooding during heavy rain. This study is focused on identifying the leaking problems in a five basement floor and to come up with a single or a combination of waterproofing systems and products that can effectively and economically stop the leakage problems. A site investigation is conducted and the sources of leakage ranges from cracks on walls, floors, columns and beams, concrete expansion joints, cold joint leakage and open roof.
The walls of this basement are kept dry by possible method of;
(1) Diverting water away from the walls by installing flexible membranes with maintainable drains;
(2) Curtain grouting by injecting chemical grouts which are designed to react with water and expand in-place forming a tight and impermeable seal;(3) Surface coating with chemicals or cements on walls and floors to seal the pores and stop the flow of moisture and development of salts. (4) Repairing moist or water-bearing cracks via injection of an expansive chemicals which stops water ingress and restore the transmission of the construction member; (5) Installation of damp proof course by injecting a liquid on the walls of the basements which act as a barrier preventing rising damp;(6) Electro osmosis damp proofing where an electrocuted cable is install at the base of the basement wall along its perimeter producing and discharging electrical impulses in the walls mitigating rising damp.

並列關鍵字

Basement waterproofing ； Double wall ； Water diversion ； Polyurethane grout ； Crack injection ； Electro osmosis damp proofing

參考文獻

[4] James T. Joyce. “Polyurethane grouts,” Use to stop water leakage through cracks and joints 1992.

[7] Lockhart, N.C., ‘Electro Osmotic Dewatering of Clays – 1. Influence of

Voltage’, Colloids Surf, 6 (3), pp 229-238 (1983).

[8] Lockhart, N.C., ‘Electro Osmotic Dewatering of Clays – 3. Influence of

[10] Cashman, P.M., ‘Control of Groundwater by Groundwater Lowering’ in