社區落塵污染特性及其來源比對之研究-以A社區為例

Study on Pollution Characteristic and Source Identification of Dustfall for Resident Community-Case Study on Community-A

許坤合(Kuen-He Shiu)

指導教授 ： 章裕民

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境工程與管理研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2009.00301

摘要

在眾多人口密集的地區裡，人類活動所產生的粒狀物會影響民眾生活品質，落塵所夾帶的污染物會影響社區環境或人體健康，因此本研究收集某地三處 ( A社區、甲焚化廠、乙發電廠)固定污染可能來源之落塵樣品，分析其落塵量及化學性質，以加強因子法及圖紋比對法進行污染來源比對，探討受污染社區與鄰近可能污染源之落塵間關聯性。
落塵樣品經化學性質分析結果，甲焚化廠及乙發電廠之重金屬總量較高者分別為鉛元素平均含量263.34mg/kg、鎳元素平均含量305.32mg/kg，因此分別利用鉛元素及鎳元素做指標性元素進行污染來源之比對，從加強因子法比對重金屬總量分析結果得知，甲焚化廠重金屬總量所計算之EF值接近1.0，而乙發電廠重金屬總量所計算之EF值大於5.0，再輔以風花圖及三處地理相關位置圖判斷，可推論出A社區受乙發電廠污染可能性不大，而可能受甲焚化廠輕度影響或類似此種排放屬性(燃燒製程)之其他污染源。另以圖紋比對法探討A社區與甲焚化廠及乙發電廠之主要化學成份及TCLP溶出值關聯性，比對分析結果，乙發電廠之δ平均值>0，而甲焚化廠之δ平均值接近1.0，再輔以風花圖及三處地理相關位置圖判斷，推論出A社區之主要化學成份及TCLP與甲焚化廠有一定的相似程度，而與乙發電廠關聯性不大。
另利用加強因子分析(EF)法與圖紋比對法探討A社區與鄰近營建工地之落塵樣品之化學性質結果，從主要化學成份(δ接近1.0)及重金屬總量分析結果(EF<2.0)得知A社區與營建工地之落塵樣品特性相似度高，但營建工地及A社區之落塵貢獻量有可能同時受到一般道路街塵影響。

關鍵字

加強因子法 ； 落塵 ； 化學性質 ； 圖紋比對

並列摘要

In many countries, the pollution of particulate matter resulted from human activities will affect quality of life. The dust-fall containing the some hazardous substance will affect the community environment or human health, therefore this study focuses on collecting the dust-fall samples from the three stationary pollution sources (community-A, the incinerator and the power plant). After analyzing the dust-fall samples and chemical characteristic, the study uses the enrchment factor and fingerprint to identify pollution sources.
According to the result of analyzing the dust-fall samples, the highest value in the lead element is 263.34 mg/kg in average for the incinerator, and the nickel element is 305.32 mg/kg for the power plant. Therefore, the study uses lead element and nickel element to identify the sources of pollution for community-A. Based on enrichment factor analysis, the results show that EF value of heavy metal in incinerator is approximate to 1.0, and in power plant is over 5.0. With wind rose analysis and the locations of the three places, it can be inferred that community-A does not look by the power plant polluted, it does look by the incinerator or other sources polluted. Besides, the study uses fingerprint method to discuss the major chemical composition and the TCLP value of community-A to compare with the incinerator and the power plant, the result is the δ average value of the power plant is over zero, and the incinerator is approximate to 1.0. Along with wind rose and the locations of the three places, it can be inferred that the major chemical ingredient and the TCLP value of community-A is similar with the incinerator but with the power plant isn’t similar.
Comparison of dust fall chemical composition was also carried out in this paper, It is found that the result of identifying the major chemical component (δ approximate to 1.0) and heavy metal(EF<2.0) is that the dust-fall sample of community-A is similar with the nearby construction field. But the community-A and nearby construction field are both affected by traffic sources.

並列關鍵字

enrchment factor ； dustfall ； chemical characteristic ； fingerprint

參考文獻

[4]. 盧象時，黃信二，火力發電，中國電機工程學會編行，2000，第72頁。

[1]. 王榮德，公害與疾病，健康世界出版，1991，第56-58頁。

[13]. 郭承泉，營建工地懸浮微粒污染特性分析，碩士論文，元智大學，機械工程研究所，挑園，2003。

[15]. 賴秉鴻，街道髒污等級與坋土含量關係及其管制措施之研究，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學，環境工程與管理研究所，台北，2008。

[27]. Alastuey, A., N. Moreno, X. Querol, M. Viana, B. Artíñano, J.A. Luaces, J. Basora and A. Guerra, “Contribution of harbour activities to levels of particluate matter in a harbour area: Hada Project-Tarragona Spain,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol.41, pp.6366-6378, 2007.