透過您的圖書館登入
IP:18.117.142.248
  • 學位論文

石門水庫集水區土壤沖蝕量之分析

Analysis of Soil Erosion of Shihmen Reservoir Watershed

指導教授 : 陳偉堯

摘要


在台灣許多的水庫建造用來在旱季時能提供民生用水。為了增加水庫設計的壽命,必須了解每年水庫的淤砂量多寡。本研究的研究區域在台灣的石門水庫,利用萬用土壤沖蝕公式(Universal Soil Loss Equation, USLE)來估算水庫集水區周圍的土壤沖蝕量之多寡。在公式中有六個因子分別稱作降雨沖蝕因子Rm、土壤沖蝕性因子Km、坡長因子L、坡度因子S、植生覆蓋管理因子C以及水土保持因子P。在地形因子方面利用了ASTER以及行政院農業委員會林務局農林航空測量所製作的DEM進行坡度與坡長因子之計算。C值則是利用國土測繪中心之土地分類使用類別。 除了利用USLE公式外,本研究也結合ArcGIS之圖形介面分析模組,建置USLE圖形分析模組,可快速套疊不同年份的圖資,進行分時期水土保持分析。此外,可依據估算沖蝕量之多寡做為判定水庫壽命之一項依據。

並列摘要


Reservoirs not only built to retain water also for distribution during dry seasons. One of the most important influence the design life of reservoirs is the annual sediment input to reservoirs. The study area located in Shihmen reservoir, Taiwan. It is a important reservoir for distributing water in central Taiwan. To understand the amount of soil erosion of watershed, firstly we use Arc GIS graphic model to build USLE as the analysis tools, secondly we use one of the most important formula called Universal Soil Loss Equation, USLE as the caculating formula. There are six factors of USLE, namely the rainfall factor Rm, the soil erodibility factor Km, the topographic factors including the slope length factor L and slope degree factor S, the crop management factor C, and the erosion control practice factor P. Because of Arc GIS graphic model has its convenient, so we can analyze different years of sources to get the amount of soil loss of each year. Instead of using USLE formula, we also combine with GIS tools. Use GIS tools to build model, analyzing each factor of USLE. The result can be seen as judge the life of the reservoir.

並列關鍵字

USLE Shihmen Reservoir GIS

參考文獻


[20]江陽聖、陳錕山、梁隆鑫、王志添,2007。以SPOT影像及數值地形模型推估,航測及遙測學刊,第12卷,第4期,第447-456頁。
[23]吳嘉俊(1994),台灣水土保持因子之初步訂定,中華水土保持學報,第25卷,第4期,第209-218頁。
[29]林文賜、林昭遠、周天穎(2003),集水區空間資訊萃取及坡面泥砂產量推估之研究,航測及遙測學刊,第8卷,第3期,第33-58頁。
[30]林文賜、林昭遠、周文杰、黃碧慧(2006),集水區坡面泥砂產量推估模式建立之研究,明道學術論壇。
[34]梁惠儀、許振崑、林伯勳、鄭锦桐(2010),極端暴雨事件於石門水庫集水區之土壤沖蝕量估算及探討,中興工程季刊,第106期,第5-15頁。

延伸閱讀