- 學位論文
銀行業資訊系統委外決策之實證研究
Information systems outsourcing evaluation for banking institutions
摘要
近兩世紀以來，資訊委外對於企業全球化經營越來越重要，資訊科技不但是銀行日常營運中不可或缺之工具，更是企業強化競爭優勢的關鍵武器，由於銀行資訊系統委外的決策通常涉及金額龐大且需經歷複雜冗長的評估程序，因此資訊系統委外的決策是非常重要又困難的議題。本研究採用ISO-9126 model 及科技─組織─環境架構(Technology–Organization–Environment, TOE)為研究架構，分析銀行業對資訊系統委外的評估觀點及決策衡量因子，研究以應用模糊層級分析方法及折衷排序法評估因子的權重及決策的統計工具，研究所得之結果為: (1).結合資訊系統委外相關文獻、ISO-9126 軟體品質模型及TOE架構，共計得出23個符合銀行資訊系統委外的整體衡量決策要素； (2).研究採用FAHP分析方法經由實務專家評選參與評選以評出各因子之權重，評選得出在決策面向之重要性依序是“企業組織”、“財務考量”、“廠商技術能力”及“環境因子”，在決策影響評量之前五項重要指標是“委外策略”、“專案的複雜度與風險考量”、“銀行財務能力”、“廠商財務能力”及“節省專案成本”；(3).研究結合FAHP分析方法及VIKOR排序法建立資訊系統委外的決策衡量架構及實證分析，提供銀行決策的依據；(4).透過系統性分析提出我國銀行業資訊系統委外的發展共十一項，可作為國內銀行及資訊服務業者在業務發展的參考；(5).銀行對於資訊系統廠商能增強資訊系統委外的效益極其注重，若不能選出理想的委外夥伴，則可能捨棄委外作法改由自行建置系統。研究進一步提出管理觀點: 首先，資訊系統委外的因子並非一套制式的衡量方式，針對不同的企業及不同的委外標的，建議應量身訂作提出適合的評量指標，以符合企業的資訊發展策略，其次是銀行資訊系統委外決策評估可能無法單獨（絕對）性的評量，應用學術統計方法可有效的協助解決各項因子間關聯性的比較，並提出更客觀的評量，最後；由於銀行委外決策與企業本身的資訊委外策略有極大的關聯性，故資訊服務業者必須體認市場之情勢，並加強在各項委外決策指標的能力以提升競爭優勢。
並列摘要
Outsourcing has became a common feature of any modern economy since 1980’s, the process typically referred to the situation when firms expanded their purchases of manufactured physical inputs to external company, where the process is purchased as a service. The decision of Information systems (IS) outsourcing is one of the critical issues for organizations, in particular, Banking is among the top IS spending industries and allocates higher portion on growing and transforming the business versus the industry average. This study applied ISO-9126 software model and Technology-Organization-Environment as measure base. The Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) tool and VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) were respectively adopted to rank the factor weighting and evaluate the potential suppliers using twenty three criteria in a realistic case study. Our empirical analysis shows that: (1) after integrating the ISO-9126 model, TOE framework, and the relevant IS outsourcing literatures experts' opinions, 23 evaluation factors were deemed suitable for a banking IS outsourcing evaluation; (2) by applying the FAHP, the order of relative importance of the four banking IS outsourcing perspectives is “Organization,” “Finance,” “Environment,” and “ Technology.” The top five evaluation factor priorities are “Outsourcing strategy,” “Project complexity and risk concern,”“Internal financial stability,” “External financial stability,” and “Project cost savings”; (3) after calculating the criteria fuzzy weights using the FAHP, we employed the FAHP method to rank the IS supplier selection for a Taiwanese bank; and (4). For bank and information service vendors, our study proposes 11 important features as the reference in their future business development; (5). Bank attaches great importance to vendor shall effectively enhance the effectiveness of information systems in outsourcing projects, they intend to in-house development instead of outsource if couldn’t seek an ideal partner. We make the following suggestions based on our findings. First, the IS outsourcing evaluation factors should be tailored to match the organization’s technological strategy, outsourcing content, and the objectives of each individual unit because there is no “one-size-fits-all” solution. Second, the IS outsourcing evaluation's perspectives in the banking industry may not be mutually independent. Other analytical methods can be employed to solve for the interactions and feedback among factors, future research may use several other techniques to investigate the causal relationships among the ISO-9126 IS outsourcing evaluation factors and objectively build strategy maps. Finally, because of the great relevance between banking IS outsourcing decisions and organization IT strategy itself, we suggest vendors must recognize that the market situation, strengthening the capability of the outsourcing decision indicators to enhance the competitive advantages.