上顎第一大臼齒三維逆向模型建立及有限元素分析

本研究目的在使用人體牙齒掃描的切片DICOM檔案，建立上顎第一大臼齒金屬烤瓷冠牙體組織的三維有限元素模型；並藉由有限元素的數值方法，分析上顎第一大臼齒組織各部位的應力分佈與位移變化。本研究利用逆向工程的概念，將人體上顎第一大臼齒電腦斷層掃描後的DICOM影像數據，通過醫學影像軟體Mimics進行擬合，初步形成三維模型，再將模型輸入數位雕刻軟體FreeForm精修和細化，形成有限元素分析軟體可識別的三維模型，包括烤瓷外冠、金屬內冠、牙本質、牙髓、牙周膜、皮質骨與海綿骨；最後，將牙體組織的三維模型在COSMOS/Works軟體上進行牙齒咬合情況的模擬，探討並比較金鉑合金、鎳鉻合金與鈦合金金屬烤瓷冠在接受垂直及斜向負載的咬合力下，對上顎第一大臼齒組織各部位所造成的應力分佈以及位移變化情形，期提供臨床診斷與治療參考之用。利用電腦斷層的DICOM影像數據、Mimics軟體和FreeForm軟體建立的上顎第一大臼齒金屬烤瓷冠牙體組織三維有限元素模型，具有高度的幾何相似性和力學性能相似性，能夠滿足各種牙體生物力學分析的需要。

關鍵字

CT圖像；有限元素；三維重建

並列摘要

The aims of this study are to establish a three-dimensional model for porcelain fused to metal (PFM) of the maxillary first molar based on Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data from computed tomography (CT) scanning, and to analyze the stress distribution and displacement of the maxillary first molar by using the finite element method. According to the concept of reverse engineering, the CT DICOM data were input into Mimics software to build a preliminary 3D model. After loading the preliminary model into the Freeform software, an enhanced model identified by the finite element analysis (FEA) software was created, which consisted of porcelain crown, metal crown, dentin, pulp, periodontal membrane, cortical bone and cancellous bone. Finally, by using the software－COSMOS/Works, we simulated the chew of teeth and analyzed the stress distribution and displacement of the maxillary first molar with PFM in different materials (i.e., Au-Pd allay, PFM,Ni-Cr alloy and Ti-alloy) under perpendicularity loading and oblique loading, respectively. We successfully combine the CT scanning images and Mimics and FreeForm software to construct a three-dimensional finite element model for PFM of the maxillary first molar. The model with high degree of similarity in geometry and mechanics can be applied to the natural examples and suggested to provide useful information for further biomechanical researches as well.

並列關鍵字

CT image ； Finite element ； 3d reconstruction

參考文獻

[6]張耀文，根管治療後正中門齒補綴之應力分析，碩士論文，中原大學醫學工程研究所，桃園，2001。

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上顎第一大臼齒三維逆向模型建立及有限元素分析

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