臺灣地區四面環海與世界的聯繫須藉由海空運輸,其中航空運輸快速便捷,且可縮短運輸時間,已成為跨國界或長距離行程的主要運具。 近年來經濟快速崛起及觀光日趨頻繁,為因應與日俱增之旅運需求,各國陸續新建或擴建機場以提昇競爭力及吸引客貨運量,俾利爭取成為區域航空樞紐。我國政府完成「兩岸經濟合作架構協議」簽署,開啟了國際與兩岸市場的航運新世代,國內部份國際機場針對機場航廈、道面及助導航設備進行功能性整修,提昇我國機場整體形象,藉由標準化機場服務及設施,讓旅客有舒適及安全的飛航旅程。 在國內機場擴建經常面臨土地取得及既有障礙物清除問題,依據交通部民用航空局頒布之「民用機場設計暨運作規範」,將障礙物定義為「所有位於供航空器地面活動區域內或突出於航空器飛航保護面之固定(包括臨時及永久)及移動之物體或其部分」。為維護飛航安全,機場周圍須保持無障礙物之空域,使飛機能安全運作,以確保飛航安全,並防止障礙物增多而使機場無法運作。 本研究藉由幾起重大空難案例,分析機場風險因子係因氣候或人為因素。以基本儀降系統面(basic ILS surface)、障礙物評估面(obstacle assessment surface, OAS)及碰撞風險模型(CRM)等三種方法,以探討障礙物間隔高度(OCA/H),創造機場周遭都市發展無阻礙與飛安零風險之機制,並提供標準之機場服務及設施,讓旅客有一舒適及安全的飛航旅程。
Taiwan, surrounded by sea, is connected with world by air and ship transportation, one of which, air transportation can supply a rapid and convenient way and reduce the transportation time, is the main transportation tool in both over-sea and long-distance tour. Due to fast economic growth and frequent tour activity, daily increasing travel needs, new-built and expansion airports by each country for raising competitiveness, can attract the passenger and freight cargo so to become the regional aviation hub point.「Cross-Straits Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement」signed by Government open an international and both market new shipping era。The functional renovations of airport terminal、running way pavement and auxiliary guide instruments in international airport can raise the overall national airport image and let traveler feel a comfort and safety aviation tour by the airport standard service and facility. The expansion of airports often face the land acquisition and obstacles removal, according to the「Civil Aerodrome Design and Operations」by Civil Aeronautics Administration, MOTC,the obstacle is defined as 「The fixed(temporary or forever)and removable objects and parts located in the aircraft active ground region or protrusion of aircraft navigation protection surface」. For the aviation safety, around the airport must keep a non-obstacle region so that the aircraft can operate safely, hence the aviation safety is guaranteed and avoid the occurrence of the airport non-operation due to the obstacles. The research of the thesis is quoted the several significant aviation disasters, analyze the airport risk factors-weather or human factors. By the basic ILS surface、obstacle assessment surface(OAS)and crack risk modal(CRM)methods, investigate the obstacle interval height(OCA/H)so to produce a mechanism between the urban non-block development around the airport and the zero-risk aviation safety, supply a standard airport service and facility and have the traveler a comfort and safety aviation tour.