建材黴菌生長影響因素及評估系統之研究

A Study of Evaluating Fungal Growth and Influencing Factors on Building Materials

陳晏琦(Yen-Chi Chen)

指導教授 ： 邵文政

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/建築與都市設計研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2012.00582

摘要

台灣長年高溫高濕，且近年受全球極端氣候影響，暴雨水災出現頻繁，造成居家及社區的淹水情形，而潮濕或受水損的裝修建材容易導致黴菌生長的高風險及居住者健康惡化等問題。目前對於裝修建材黴菌生長的研究多為高緯度國家，而相關標準主要針對紡織產品及塗料類，對於建材黴菌生長的評估尚未有國家標準。本研究針對台灣常見的黴菌菌屬(Aspergillius、Penicillium、Stachybotrys)在不同的環境條件及裝修建材對於其生長情形之影響，並依黴菌於建材上的生長面積、生長速度及建材的含水率變化等三項變因，評估黴菌於建材上的生長情形並分等級，依其評估系統，了解各種類建材的黴菌生長程度，該結果可建議裝修業者依居住者使用之特性選取適合的裝修建材，以提升居住的環境品質及健康。本研究內容可歸納出以下結論：試驗樣本中以有機建材的黴菌生長情形較嚴重；試驗樣本中給予養分的對照組其黴菌生長情形較嚴重；試驗菌種選取潮濕性的指標菌種，因本次試驗樣本為模擬經水損後的建材，因此含水率高；兩組培養條件中，標準模組(25℃)的黴菌生長情形較於高溫模組(30℃)嚴重；建立建材黴菌生長評估系統，期望未來能將建材的防黴性能納入綠建材標章評定項目中。

關鍵字

黴菌 ； 建材 ； 發霉 ； 受潮建材 ； 生長評估系統

並列摘要

Taiwan is located at sub-tropical monsoon climate zone, which always warm and humid, and influenced by global extreme climate that made rainstorm and floods occur frequently. Most water damage indoors is due to natural disaster or human error .Damp or water-damaged building materials are at high risk of fungal growth, possibly resulting in health problems of the occupants and the deterioration of the buildings. Most studies regarding fungal growth on building materials were conducted in high-latitude countries. And most related standards were about antifungal textiles and paint. There were no national standards for evaluating fungal growth on building materials yet. In this study, we used the most common fungal species (Aspergillius、Penicillium、Stachybotrys) to investigate on the fungal growth on building materials, and the effects of environmental conditions and types of building materials. The objectives of this study were evaluated fungal growth level by the area of fungal growth on building materials, growth rate and moisture content .The results presented here can aid the building profession in choosing materials which are less susceptible to fungal growth and help manufacturers of building materials to develop nontoxic, fungus- or water-resistant materials. This study has several conclusions in the following concepts: Fungal growth on the organic building materials is more serious than other sample. Fungal growth on the case sample is more serious than control sample. Test microorganisms were used throughout this study that selected moisture strains index, this study selected three test strains are all dominant species on the building materials, and they need high water active. In two sets of conditions, the fungal growth on standard mode is more serious than hyperthermia mode. Evaluating fungal growth system, the purpose of this study is to test the antifungal of Green Building Materials and to ensure the health of the indoor environment.

並列關鍵字

Building Materials ； Fungi ； Mold ； Water-Damaged Building ； Evaluate Microbial Growth Model

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