滑石粉對聚乳酸之超臨界二氧化碳發泡條件的影響

本研究探討滑石粉(Talc)對三種D型含量不同的聚乳酸(PLA) 之超臨界二氧化碳(CO2)發泡條件的影響，三種PLA分別為含D型3％高結晶性PLA-1，和含D型8％為低結晶性PLA-2，及含D型18％非結晶性PLA-3，與Talc混合0.5 (per hundred resin)、1.0phr和2.0phr三種比率，得到共9種配方材料及三種PLA材料。經過熱壓成型製成1.0mm薄板再進行發泡加工，其發泡溫度為80℃~140℃與發泡壓力為1000psi、1500psi和 2000psi 之下，以二氧化碳(CO2)為發泡劑，含浸時間30分得到不同的PLA發泡體。實驗結果顯示，PLA-1/Talc配方材料系列，除未添加Talc的PLA-1之外，其他配方材料皆在發泡條件內都無法獲得低的發泡體密度(因為發泡密度大於1.0 g/cm3)。PLA-3/Talc配方材料系列，皆能得到發泡密度小於0.1 g/cm3的發泡體，特別在發泡壓力2000psi下，發泡體具有小於100μm的泡孔。PLA-2/Talc配方材料系列，其發泡體密度隨發泡溫度及發泡壓力的上升而下降。三種PLA之中，PLA-3耐熱性最差，但最容易發泡；PLA-1耐熱性最佳，但最不易發泡。發泡過程中，亦觀察到滑石粉會促進PLA結晶或結晶度提高。

關鍵字

聚乳酸；滑石粉；結晶性；發泡溫度；發泡壓力；發泡體密度；泡孔大小；二氧化碳

並列摘要

The research investigate the effect of talc on three polylactic acid (PLA) resins foaming using supercritical carbon dioxide(CO2). Three PLA sheets are with different contents of D-lactide high crystalline PLA-1 with 3% D-lactide, low crystalline PLA-2 with 8% D-lactide, and amorphous PLA-3 with 18% D-lactide. Talc with the content of 0.5phr (per hundred resins), 1.0phr, and 2.0phr talc mixed with three PLA resins to become nine compounds. Nine compounds and three PLA resins in the research were used and processed into a big sheet with one millimeter thickness by a hot press, The sheets were then cut and foamed at the foaming temperature ranging from 80℃ to 140℃, three foaming pressure of 1000psi, 1500psi, and 2000psi, and saturating time of 30 minutes. CO2 was the foaming agent. Experimental results show that a low foam density of PLA-1 with talc compounds can not be achieved because PLA-1 sheets under the foaming conditions of the foam density is higher than 1.0 g/cm3 in the research. PLA-3 with talc compound can be produced into foams with density less than 0.1 g/cm3 and the foams made under foaming pressure of 2000psi display small cells in the foaming and average cell size is less than 100μm. When foaming pressure and temperatures increase, the foam density of PLA-2 with talc compound decreases, PLA-3 sheets shows the poorest heat resistance but easiest foaming, and PLA-1 sheets have the best heat resistance but the most difficult foaming among three PLA sheets. Talc is able to enhance the crystallization rate of PLA.

並列關鍵字

PLA ； Talc ； Crystallization ； Foaming Temperature ； Foaming Pressure ； Foaming Density ； Cell Size ； CO2

參考文獻

[63] 張志仁，不同性質茂金屬聚乙烯及聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物於超臨界發泡之影響，臺北科技大學有機高分子研究所，台北，2010。

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滑石粉對聚乳酸之超臨界二氧化碳發泡條件的影響

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