高密度甲醇-水電漿重組器開發之研究

The Study and Develop of High Density Methanol-Water Plasma Reforming

黃道易(Dao-Yi Huang)

指導教授 ： 林百福

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/機電科技研究所/博士(2011年)

摘要

氫氣已被公認是唯一潔淨的燃料，又是節能減碳並消除溫室氣體最直接有效的利器。而當前的製氫技術運用在行動載具車輛上較可行的方案便是重組器的產氫方法。這是由於重組器能將碳鏈長度較短的甲醇或甲醇加水的混合燃料，在較低的解離溫度下即能解離出高氫濃度的富氫氣體使用在車用的引擎上做為原汽、柴油石化燃料的輔助燃料，或將富氫氣體經純化處理後成為純氫氣體來做為燃料電池車輛的使用燃料。
本研究自行研發設計的高密度甲醇水電漿重組器，可同時解決目前一般其他重組器的工作溫度過高、冷啟動時間過長、體積較大、解離耗能過大和產氫濃度過低的問題。後經實驗結果顯示，本重組在開機後僅20~25秒鐘內的冷啟動時間即可穩定產出富氫氣體，其氫氣濃度約可達34.2 %，且重組器的工作溫度均維持在42 ℃附近並具有高可靠度的重現性，又重組器的解離耗能低僅約147~191 W和體積小。另當本重組器產出的富氫氣體做為一小型汽油引擎之輔助燃料時，其實驗結果亦驗證出，除可提升原引擎性能之扭力17.53 %和增加23.59 %能源效率及節省9.05 %汽油燃料消耗外，又在廢氣排放上亦可同時分別減低CO、CO2和HC濃度約9.84 %、18.07 %和3.16 %，但由於富氫氣體於汽缸內燃燒時，其缸內溫度較高而致NOX濃度增加14.7 %。此外，在能源效率提升率的評估結果亦可證實，本重組器所產出的富氫氣體熱值是高於甲醇燃料的消耗熱值。又使用本重組器產出的富氫氣體來輔助汽油燃料於引擎性能實驗的結果觀之，其能源效率提升率最高可達5.82%。因此，本重組器頗符合行動載具車輛上的使用要求。

關鍵字

甲醇-水電漿重組器 ； 氫氣 ； 替代能源

並列摘要

It has been publicly recognized that hydrogen is not only a clean fuel but is also the most direct and most effective means for energy conservation and carbon reduction as well as for removing greenhouse gasses. In modern days, the more practical way of implementing hydrogen-generation technology in mobile carrier vehicles is nothing more than generating hydrogen with a reformer. It is because of the said reformer that it is able to decompose the hydrogen-enriched gas containing a higher hydrogen concentration from methanol with shorter carbon chains or the mixed methanol-water fuel under lower decomposing temperature for use as an auxiliary fuel for gasoline, diesel and petro-chemical fuel in automobile engines, or to purify the hydrogen-enriched gas into pure-hydrogen gas for use as fuel in a fuel-cell car. The main purpose of the High-density Methanol Liquid Plasma Reformer designed and developed by this institute is to solve the following problems usually occurring to other kinds of reformers, such as higher working temperature, lengthier cold start time, oversized measurement, excessive decomposition energy consumption and excessively low hydrogen-generating concentration. According to the experiment results following development, the said reformer is able to generate high-concentration hydrogen containing 34.2 % hydrogen-enriched gas in a stabilized manner within 20~25 seconds of cold start time after turning on the machine. Further, the reformer also presented highly reliable reproducibility by maintaining the working temperature at approx. 42 0C while exhibiting lower decomposition energy consumption down to 147~191 W and smaller measurement as well. When using the hydrogen-enriched gas generated by the said reformer as the auxiliary fuel for smaller-sized gasoline engines, the experiment results also verified that it not only enhances the torque of original engine performance by 17.53 %, increases energy efficiency by 23.59 % and saves gasoline fuel consumption by 9.05 %, but also contributes to waste gas exhaust by reducing CO, CO2 and HC by 9.84 %, 18.07 % and 3.16 % respectively. In view hydrogen-enriched gas of combustion in the cylinder, the cylinder temperatures higher, it also leads to the increased concentration of NOX by 14.7 %. In addition, Also use this reformer output of hydrogen-rich gas to auxiliary gasoline fuel in the engine performance of the view on the results of the experiment, its energy efficiency rate of up to 5.82%. For this reason, the Reformer should meet the operational requirements for the mobile carrier vehicle.

並列關鍵字

methanol-water plasma reformer ； hydrogen ； alternative energy

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