流動空氣隔熱層作為降低建築外周區 空調負荷之實測與模擬研究

A Study of Simulation and Measurement of Ventilating Heat-Insulation Layer for Reduction of Cooling Load Surrounding a Building

簡國昌(Kuo-Chang Chian)

指導教授 ： 卓清松

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/冷凍空調工程系所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2005.00250

摘要

本研究以建築物外殼的屋頂構造作為研究對象，運用流動空氣隔熱層降低建築物外殼的熱負荷量，依照隔熱測試結果進行電腦模擬分析，作為負荷計算之依據及探討本項隔熱技術對人體舒適度PMV&PPD指標的影響。
研究方法乃依一般建築物屋頂隔熱工法，建構流動空氣隔熱層屋頂構造，以外氣自然通風環境將太陽輻射熱導出，在屋頂隔熱層內設有溫度感測器及風速計，以現場實測紀錄流動空氣隔熱層屋頂構造之溫度分佈、空氣流速、空氣流況及室外各環境參數（包括氣溫、環境風場風速、濕度及太陽輻射強度）以供檢討分析。
改善後發現本隔熱技術有效減少建築物的外殼熱輻射空調負荷，總熱傳係數由原來3.91W/ ℃變為0.40W /℃，外殼熱輻射空調負荷可比原來的構造大量減少90％。
由本研究所得知總熱傳係數，以HvacLoadExplorer V1.0程式電腦計算數值分析，空調負荷量與實際量測結果誤差值於5%內，故日後可先以電腦計算數值分析隔熱效果。人體舒適度PMV及PPD指標，亦由原先的PMV之平均值3.01，PPD平均值91％，改善為PMV之平均值2.0，PPD平均值為85％。本研究所設計提出流動空氣隔熱層通風屋頂之隔熱技術確實具有相當良好之隔熱性能表現，為一可行的節能改善措施。

關鍵字

太陽輻射誘 ； 導式冷卻 ； 隔熱 ； 空調負荷 ； 建築節能

並列摘要

Taking the external roof construction of a building as the research target, this study uses the ventilating heat-insulation layer for reduction of cooling load surrounding the building. This study makes a computer simulation analysis of the results of heat insulation test. Taking the analysis as the basis for calculation of load, this paper investigates the effects of this heat-insulation technology on the predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfaction (PPD) of people.
The research approach of this study is to construct firstly the ventilating heat-insulation layer at the roof construction according to the general heat-insulation projects of buildings. The solar radiation heat is brought out via the natural ventilation environment of the external air. Then a temperature sensor and an anemograph are installed at the heat-insulation layer on the roof. The temperature distribution, airflow speed, air circulation of the roof construction with the ventilating heat-insulation layer, and different indoor environmental parameters (including the temperature, barometer of environmental wind field, humidity and solar radiation strength) are recorded at the site for further reviews and analysis.
After improvement, it is found that this insulation technology can effective decreases the solar radiation and cooling load surrounding the building. The total heat transmission coefficient reduces from the original 3.91W/㎡℃ to 0.40W/㎡℃. The external heat radiation and cooling load are even decreased by 90% when compared with the original construction.
Numerical analysis is made on the total heat transmission coefficients resulted from this study, via the computer program HvacLoadExplorer V1.0. The error between the cooling load and the actual measurement result is within 5%. Thus in the later days, computer calculation and numerical analysis can be adopted to know the heat insulation effects. The PMV and PPD indices are also improved from the original average of 3.01 and 91% to 2.0 and 85% respectively This heat-insulation technology of ventilating heat-insulation layer designed by the study for the roof of building has very sound heat-insulation performance. It is really a workable measure of energy saving.

並列關鍵字

solar radiation ； passive cooling ； heat-insulating function ； cooling load ； energy saving of building

參考文獻

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