適路性機車後視鏡系統之設計與控制

The Design and Control of an Adaptive Rear-view Mirror System for Motorcycles

侯竣方(Chun-Fang Hou)

指導教授 ： 蕭耀榮

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2011.00557

摘要

台灣地區地狹人稠，機車已成為我們日常生活中不可或缺的交通工具，機車在行駛時除了雙眼可看見的前方視野，傳統機車均以固定式後視鏡來提供駕駛者後方視野，但是當機車行駛於彎道或路面變化時，容易造成機車於行進間可能會瞬間產生視野死角，雖然在這個空窗期並不長，但是某些緊急狀況下卻可能造成交通事故。而在台灣又時常有汽機車互相爭道，所造成的交通事故甚多，根據統計資料顯示台灣每年所發生的交通意外機車占了大多數。
由於傳統機車後視鏡車輛行經彎道或其他狀況時產生視野死角，無法提供駕駛者後方視野的路況資訊，而導致交通意外事故的發生。有鑑於此，本論文發展出一套具適路性之智慧型機車後視鏡系統，利用機車動態分析軟體(BikeSim)探討機車動態，並建立機車的數學模型。最後在實驗的部分，主要透過各式感測器來偵測路況及機車姿態之變化作為系統之輸入訊號，再運用灰色預測(grey prediction)預先估算後視鏡應調整角度，並藉由控制器來控制步進馬達，使機車後視鏡可隨機車俯仰、轉彎、側傾之不同動態與不同道路環境而改變其角度，改善傳統後視鏡視野死角的缺點，以提供機車駕駛者更寬廣的後視鏡視野，亦能提升駕駛者安全，減少交通事故的發生。

關鍵字

機車後視鏡 ； 智慧型後視鏡 ； 適路性後視鏡 ； 灰色預測

並列摘要

Taiwan is a small and densely populated island. In addition, motorcycles have become a necessary part of our daily commuting. Normally, a motorcycle in motion has headlight and mirrors, as are the front and back eyes to see ahead and give rear vision for rider. Conventional motorcycle's mirrors are fixed, but when motorcycle makes or rides on various road surfaces, it is easy to cause instant rear blind area for the rider. When takes a turn or there is something change on the road, there's an unvisial corner that rider couldn't see. In Taiwan, cars and motorcycles struggle for smooth traffic on the same road. That causes many traffic accidents. According to the statistics report, Taiwan’s annual motorcycle traffic accidents are accounted for the majority.
As vehicles passing through the conventional motorcycle rear-view mirror when it is cornering or other conditions, which is occurring blind area. The mirrors cannot provide the driver's rear-view traffic information, which leads to traffic accidents. Accordingly, this paper develops a set of adaptive motorcycle rear-view mirror system. BikeSim software is used to investigate motorcycle dynamics and establish a mathematical vehicle model. And the main purpose of experiments is to verify the system for various posture of vehicle along with different road conditions as the input. Then with the application of grey prediction, rear-view mirror should be adjusted in advance to estimate the angles. Furthermore, by using controller to control the stepper motor and R/C servo motor, the motorcycle rear-view mirror can be adjusted adaptively following vehicle pitch, steering and roll angles with the different of vehicle dynamics and different road conditions to change its vision. That will improve the shortcomings of the conventional rear-view mirror vision, and provide a broader rear-view vision to drivers. It can also enhance drivers' safety and reduce traffic accidents.

並列關鍵字

rear-view mirror for motorcycles ； intelligent rear-view mirror ； adaptive rear-view mirror ； grey prediction

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