- 學位論文
社經地位與兒童語言使用之研究
A Study on the Relationship between Children's Language Use and Socioeconomic Status
摘要
語言一直以來都是用來傳達說話者的想法。然而，即便在表達同樣的事物上，也會因為過去不同的學習經驗等讓我們對事物有不同的表達方式，而社經地位就扮演這樣的角色。近年來的研究都指出，社經地位對語言發展的影響有所不同。即便如此，大多的研究專注於探討受社經地位所影響的語言發展，如孩童的單字量。為能更深入了解社經地位影響的語言使用層面，本論文旨在探討社經地位與孩童語言發展的關係。藉由從孩童父母的教育背景做立基，討論其平均語句長度、形容詞和程度副詞之使用。語料的選擇為受試者自願提供之半年的學校日記。多變量變異數分析(MANOVA)為本論文使用的統計方式，藉以分析平均語句長度、形容詞和程度副詞的使用頻率，並透過此統計系統了解語言變數和社經地位的相關性進而做更深入的探討。結果顯示孩童在平均語句長度、形容詞和程度副詞的使用頻率上沒有因社經地位的不同而有明顯差異。然而，高社經地位的孩童相較於低社經地位的孩童多使用較正面的形容詞，而此差異顯示在不同的父親教育程度上，可見父親對於孩童的語言使用具一定程度的影響。本論文也提供未來社會語言學在探討社經地位與語言使用的關係上有更深入的了解，也試著探討孩童產生不同語言使用方式的原因，進而針對孩童因社經地位產生的利弊來提供教學上的協助。
並列摘要
Language is not only used to express speakers’ thoughts, but can be used to reflect speakers’ organization of his/her ideas. Because of many reasons like language learning environment, people use various language expressions even when we are describing the same thing. Studies have suggested that socioeconomic status (SES) plays an important role in affecting these different language uses since the beginning of a person’s language development. However, most research focuses on the language development such as vocabulary size, and little attention has been paid to the multiple language usages. Thus, the present study aims to find out the relationship between socioeconomic status and language use of children. The socioeconomic status was examined by parents’ educational levels, and the language use was focused on the sentence length, use of adjectives, and intensifiers in Chinese. Children’s diaries were collected as the data. Mean length of sentences, frequency of using adjectives and intensifiers were analyzed through MANOVA. The results show no significant differences between the sentence length, frequency of using adjectives and intensifiers and children’s SES. However, some special features of language use among different SES children were still found. Furthermore, it was found that there is a significant difference in the relationship between positive adjectives and paternal education. Higher SES children tend to produce more positive adjectives than low SES children. The importance of fathers’ responsibility to their children’s language use was also shown in the result.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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