利用PVDF製作固態及半固態電解質應用於染料敏化太陽能電池

Using the PVDF to fabricate solid-state and gel-state electrolyte applying to the dye sensitization solar cell Application

林宏恩(Hong-En Lin)

指導教授 ： 段葉芳

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

高效率的染料敏化太陽電池都是基於液體電解質來實現的。但此類電解質又存在著嚴重缺陷，主要表現在有機溶劑易揮發、電解質易洩漏，從而導致電池難封裝、長期穩定性差，縮短了電池的壽命。所以在本實驗當中挑選了Poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-Hexafluoropropylene) PVDF/HFP這種導電高分子製作了膠態與固態的電解質試圖去取代液態電解質以解決上述的問題。
而在實驗中加入三種不同的離子液體1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate 、1-Butyl-methylimidazolium iodide與1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride於液態電解質當中利用循環伏安法探討添加後其氧化還原的改變。並且利用導電高分子PVDF/HFP製作膠態電解質使用XRD探討添加離子液體後對於結晶度的變化；而在固態高分子薄膜電解質方面也是使用PVDF/HFP當為機材，利用直接揮發法以及相轉變法來製作，使用SEM來探討其表面孔隙度藉以了解浸泡在電解液當中所能吸附多寡的程度。最後進行光電轉換效率的測試，實驗結果顯示三種離子液體當中不論是在液態電解質或是膠態電解質的效率測試表現都以添加1-Butyl-methylimidazolium iodid為最佳。

關鍵字

染料敏化太陽能電池 ； 離子液體 ； 膠態電解質

並列摘要

The high efficiency Dye-sensitized solar cells is using liquid electrolyte. But this kind of electrolyte has the serious defect, which mainly displays in the organic solvent to be volatilized easily and causeing the electrolyte divulging. As a result, the battery would be difficult to be sealed, the long-term stability is bad. This is the reason which reduced battery's life.
Therefore, in this experiment, we chose PVDF/HFP, which is the conducting polymers, to produce the solid-state and gel-state electrolyte in replace of the liquid electrolyte to solve the above problem. Furthermore , we added three kinds of different ionic liquids which are 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate and 1-Butyl-methylimidazolium and iodide1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride into the liquid electrolyte and discussed the change of Oxidation-Reduction Potential by using cyclic voltammogram. Beside, we fabricated the Gel-State electrolyte by PVDF/HFP , and used XRD to discuss the change of crystallinity after adding the ionic liquid. On the other hand,we also used PVDF/HFP as the basis to fabricate the solid-state electrolyte by phase inversion and evaporating methods. By using SEM to figure out the porosity of solid-state electrolyte, we can realize the degree of adsorbing electrolyte. Finally, we proceeded with measuring the photo-electron conversion efficiency. The result of this experiment shows, among three ionic liquids, the performace of 1-Butyl-methylimidazolium iodide is the best, no matter in the efficiency of the liquid electrolyte or the Gel-State electrolyte.

並列關鍵字

Dye-sensitized solar cells ； Ionic liquid ； Gel-State electrolyte

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