以快速原型技術製作陶瓷工件之雷射輪廓掃描控制之研究

Study on Control of Laser Profile Scanning for Fabricating Ceramic Parts with Rapid Prototyping Technology

盧世華(Shih-Hua Lu)

指導教授 ： 嚴孝全

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/機電整合研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究室現有自行研發之快速原型設備，其X-Y機構與CO2雷射機所組成之掃描平台，在使用直線補間模式掃描輪廓圖形線段無相互連接，導致圖形不正確，本研究的目的係針對此問題進行改善，期望使用連續補間模式來改進掃描情況。
研究係以四軸運動軸卡MC8141P搭配Borland C++ Builder撰寫人機介面程式來完成控制。將點座標資料輸入四軸運動軸卡轉換成脈波訊號輸出，訊號傳至交流伺服馬達驅動器，驅動交流伺服馬達來控制X-Y機構運動及定位。藉由人機介面的撰寫來判別輪廓路徑數量、輪廓起點、輪廓終點和連續補間模式之執行步序程式。
經由調整X-Y軸交流伺服馬達驅動器之增益值，使掃描圖形更為正確。主要增益調整的參數包含機械剛性值、速度比例增益KVP、速度積分時間常數TVI與位置比例增益KPP。增益值調整使用的軟體為Panasonic伺服馬達專用通訊控制軟體Panaterm，藉由此軟體所提供之波德圖來取得截止頻率做為調整參考。
實際在白紙上進行雷射掃描測試，明顯觀察到使用連續補間模式掃描輪廓圖形，已可將線段相互連接；配合調整雙軸交流伺服馬達驅動器的增益值，能使掃描輪廓圖形結果更加正確，由此證實使用連續補間模式與調整適當之交流伺服馬達增益值可以改進前述雷射掃描輪廓不正確之問題。

關鍵字

雷射掃描 ； 伺服馬達 ； 增益值

並列摘要

The self-development rapid prototyping equipment is composed of an X-Y mechanism and a CO2 laser. The segment of the scanning line was not connected each other when linear interpolation mode was employed; therefore, the scanning results were incorrect. The aim of current study is to improve this problem by using continuous interpolation mode.
A four-axis motions card MC8141P with Borland C++ Builder was employed to edit human-Machine Interface program (HMI) for controlling. After input the coordinates of the point to the four-axis motion card, it will transfer to a pulse output signal; the signal transmitted to a AC servo motor driver to drive servo motor, then the X-Y mechanism was moved and positioned accordingly. The number of contour paths, starting point of the contour, ending point and the program of the executing sequence for contouring path interpolation was edited by HMI.
After adjusting the gain of AC servo motor drives, the scanning graphics was more accurate. Major parameters of gain adjustment include mechanical stiffness values, speed proportional gain KVP, constant of speed integral time TVI and position proportional gain KPP. Communication software (Panaterm) for the Panasonic servo motor control was used to obtain the Bode plot as reference to adjust the cutoff frequency.
After testing on a piece of paper, obviously, each line segment of the contour scanning with continuous interpolation mode can interconnect with each other. By adjusting the gain value of the dual-axis AC servo motor driver, a more accurate contour can be obtained. The results verify that using continuous interpolation mode and appropriate gain value for AC servo motor can improve the laser scanning problems aforementioned.

並列關鍵字

laser scan ； servo motor ； gain value

參考文獻

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[1]H. H. Tang, “Method for Rapid Forming of A Ceramic Work Piece,” U.S. patent no. 6217816, 2001.

[3]H. C. Yen, M. L. Chiu and H. H. Tang, “Laser scanning parameters on fabrication of ceramic parts by liquid phase sintering,” Journal of European Ceramic Society, vol. 29, no. 8, 2009, pp. 1331-1336.

[6]許國彥，雙軸補間運動及能量均勻分布雷射控制器之研發，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學機電整合研究所，台北、台灣，2009。