雞副嗜血桿菌培養之研究

Culture of Haemophilus paragallinarum, the Causing Agent of Infectious Coryza

楊瓔(Ying Yang)

指導教授 ： 余琬琴

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/有機高分子研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

傳染性可利查是一種會感染雞隻鼻腔而引起上呼吸道感染的疾病，由副嗜血桿菌所引起。此疾病會使雞隻產蛋率遽降，甚至造成雞隻死亡，而造成雞農重大的損失，是雞隻飼養上相當重要的傳染性疾病之ㄧ，而施打疫苗是預防此傳染病最有效的方法。此病的疫苗一般是以病原菌製成的死菌疫苗，為了增加病原菌的產量以降低疫苗的製造成本，本研究針對一台灣株的傳染性可利查病原菌，進行培養條件改善的研究。我們測試了三種原始培養基所使用的水解蛋白，即大豆蛋白胴、獸肉蛋白胴與複蛋白胴-S，在不同濃度下對此菌生長的影響，發現三種蛋白胴皆為有效的菌株生長養分，但是須注意其添加量，過高反而對菌株生長有抑制效果，在最適當的濃度下，僅添加單一種蛋白胴的培養基所產出的菌數，反而優於同時含有三種蛋白胴的原始培養基，其最高細胞密度可達原始培養基的1.4-2倍。此外我們也探討了培養基酸鹼值對病原菌生長的影響，我們藉由改變培養基中磷酸二氫鉀與磷酸氫二鈉的比例，調配成不同酸鹼值的培養基，發現在pH值5-8的範圍，菌株生長速率與最高細胞密度會隨著酸鹼值的增加而升高，在pH 8.0時菌株的生長情況最好，這些研究成果將有助於降低傳染性可利查疫苗的製造成本。

關鍵字

傳染性可利查 ； 副嗜血桿菌 ； 水解蛋白 ； 酸鹼值

並列摘要

Infectious coryza, an economically important disease for the poultry industry, is an acute respiratory disease of chickens caused by Haemophilus paragallinarum (HP). This infectious disease occurs worldwide and produces significant economic losses due to an increased number of culls and a marked drop in egg production, affecting particularly multi-age farms. Commercial vaccines for infectious coryza, typically based on killed HP, are widely available around the world. To reduce the cost of vaccine production, we studied the culture conditions for an H. paragallinarum strain isolated in Taiwan. We first compared the effectiveness of three kinds of protein hydrolysate (soy peptone, proteose peptone, and polypeptone-S) for the growth of the Taiwan isolate. Results indicate that all three hydrolysates supported the growth of HP, but too high a concentration was inhibitory. Under their optimum concentrations, the media contained only one kind of protein hydrolysates performed better than the original medium, which contained all three protein hydrolysates. The resulting maximum cell densities of the new media were 1.4-2 times the maximum cell density of the original. We also investigated the effect of medium pH on cell growth and found that the strain preferred a weak basic environment. Between pH 5 and 8, the specific growth rate and the maximum cell density both increased with increasing pH. These findings will be aseful for the production of infectious coryza vaccines.

並列關鍵字

Infectious coryza ； Haemophilus paragallinarum ； vaccine ； protein hydrolysate ； pH

參考文獻

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