離心式葉輪輪轂面五軸粗銑及精銑之刀具路徑規劃

Five-axis Tool Path Planning for Rough Milling and Finish Milling Hub Surface of the Centrifugal Impeller

廖凱偉(Kai-Wei Liao)

指導教授 ： 蔡哲雄

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/製造科技研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2007.00320

摘要

本文主要是研究離心式葉輪輪轂面高效率、高精準度加工路徑規劃，推導建立一套刀具路徑規劃法，並使用MATLAB軟體來運算輪轂面刀具粗及精加工路徑及刀軸方向，並將MATLAB計算的刀具路徑資料輸入Unigraphics CAD/CAM (UG)軟體，進行模擬切削以確認刀具粗切及精切製程的正確性。再利用UG軟體後處理轉出合用於台中盛方源公司製造的HA-5AX3型五軸加工機(X、Y、Z、B、C)的加工程式碼來實作加工驗證，完成離心式渦輪葉片輪轂面的粗、精銑。本文輪轂面粗加工刀具路徑規劃指的是葉輪相鄰兩葉片間，除了葉片面的精切削預留量及輪轂面的精切削預留量外，切除流道內材料的路徑規劃法。另外本文也規劃輪轂面的精切削路徑。
本文係以葉輪葉片面及輪轂面的曲面參數方程式資料為基礎，選定刀具形狀規格後，應用MATLAB程式來計算刀具的刀尖點座標及刀軸方向。輪轂面的粗、精切削皆採用內插的Zig-Zag刀具路徑規劃法。粗加工均勻分成四層，主要切削方向是垂直於葉片流線方向。輪轂面的精切削路徑方向則是順葉片流線方向，可使殘留刀痕方向與氣流一致。為確保球刀不過切(overcut)或讓切(undercut)輪轂面，本文建構一套球端銑刀和輪轂面相切點的搜尋方法而能精確的定出刀具位置和軸向來精切削輪轂面，非常適用於葉輪輪轂面的切削規劃。

關鍵字

五軸加工機 ； 離心式葉輪 ； 輪轂面加工 ； 五軸刀具路徑規劃

並列摘要

This paper proposed a new tool path planning method for rough milling and finish milling the hub surface of the centrifugal impeller. We use MATLAB to calculate rough milling and finish milling tool path location data including tool-axis orientation. All the calculated tool location data then input Unigraphics CAD/CAM (UG) Software to simulate and confirm that the rough milling and finish milling operations are correct. And then using UG postprocessor to transform tool location data into NC-code for five-axis machining （machine type HA-5AX3, five axes are X, Y, Z, B, and C）. The tool path planning of rough machining is meant for removing the material between two blades of the hub of impeller excluding finish milling allowance of the blade surfaces and finish milling allowance of the hub surface. This paper also plan finish milling path of the hub surface.
Based on the parametric equations of blade surfaces and hub surface, and selected form specification of the ball end mill, we use MATLAB to calculate the coordinates of tool paths and tool-axis orientation. Rough milling and finish milling operations are all adopted Zig-Zag tool path pattern. Rough machining is divided evenly into four layers, and their main cutting directions are perpendicular to flow direction of the blade. The direction of finish milling path of hub surface obeys blade flow direction, and it can remain the final finishing mark direction are indentical with airflow. This paper constructed a five-axis tool path planning method can precisely mill the hub surface of centrifugal impeller.

並列關鍵字

Five-axis machine tool ； Centrifugal impeller ； Hub surface machining ； Five-axis tool paths planning

參考文獻

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