不可逆性分析應用於多功能熱泵熱水機開發之研究

Irreversibility for Developing of Multi-Function Heat Pump Water Heater

陳健明(Chien-Min Chen)

指導教授 ： 李宗興

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2008.00476

摘要

多功能熱泵熱水機是將熱泵與熱水器功能結合為一的裝置，具有多個運轉模式，可同時滿足熱水與冷房所需，具有高效清潔，安全方便等優點，非常適合我國氣候狀況，能源形勢及環境要求。多功能熱泵熱水機是生財器具，開發高性能機組，降低營運成本，提升競爭力是刻不容緩的課題。目前，多功能熱泵熱水機性能皆依據熱力學第一定律之觀念(COP)來衡量，此僅知系統整體效率，不能瞭解系統各元件之能源效率，以致開發過程中無法明確指出系統改善方向。
因此本文主要研究目的為：首先，發展應用於多功能熱泵熱水機各運轉模式系統與元件性能不可逆性分析之理論模式，作為在開發過程中找出最佳改善方案之診斷工具。然後，利用一系列機組開發案例(原型機與後續五個改善例)的測試數據，驗證診斷模式之適用性。最後，再配合成本效益分析決定最佳開發案。
結果顯示：利用不可逆性分析之理論模式所發展之性能診斷方法在多功能熱泵熱水機開發過程中找出最佳改善方案有很好適用性。由原型機A各模式性能診斷結果指出壓縮機不可逆性最大，盤管、膨脹閥、冷凝器、及蒸發器次之。後續發展五個改善機組B、C、D、E及F診斷結果發現以壓縮機搭配盤管、冷凝器與蒸發器等改善之機組性能改善成效較顯著，配合成本(COP成本)效益分析後可明確指出測試機E為最佳開發方案。本文所建立多功能熱泵熱水機性能診斷方法，可提供後續者對於不同能力或功能類似熱泵熱水機在開發過程性能之診斷工具。

關鍵字

多功能熱泵熱水機 ； 不可逆性 ； COP

並列摘要

The multi-functional heat pump water heater is a device combining the functions of the heat pump and the water heater, exhibiting multiple operation modes, the capability of simultaneously meeting the needs for the hot water and the cold room, and advantages of highly cleaning efficiency, safety, and convenience, thus very suitable for Taiwan’s weather conditions, energy trends, and environmental requirements. The multi-functional heat pump water heater is the profit-making instrument. Therefore, developing machineries of high functionality, decreasing operational costs, and enhancing competitiveness are the imminent priorities. Currently, the functions of the multi-functional heat pump water heater are all measured according to the concept of the First Law of the Thermodynamics (COP). Such only makes the overall efficiency of the system but not the energy efficiency of the system’s each component known, causing the inability to indicate the improvement directions for the system during the development process.

The primary purpose of the research study is to develop the theoretical irreversibility analysis model for its application to each operation mode system and component function of the multi-functional heat pump water heater, as the diagnostic tool for finding the most optimal improvement options during the development process. Then, the testing data of a series of machinery development cases (prototype and five subsequent improvement cases) will be utilized to verify the compatibility of the diagnosis models. Last, the most optimal development option will be determined according to the cost-effect analysis.

The results indicated that the utilization of the functionality diagnosis methods developed from the theoretical irreversibility analysis model exhibited a high degree of suitability for the assisted identification of the most optimal improvement plan for the multi-functional heat pump water heater during the development process. The functionality diagnosis results for each model of the Prototype A indicated that the compressor exhibited the highest degree of irreversibility, followed by the coil, expansion valve, condenser, and evaporator. Subsequently, five improved machinery sets –B, C, D, E, and F were developed. The functionality diagnosis results revealed that the machinery sets employing the functionality improvement of the compressor in junction with the coil、condenser and evaporator as the foundation exhibited much more significant improvements. In conformity with the cost-effect analysis (COP cost), it clearly indicated that the testing machine E was the most optimal development option. The functionality diagnosis method constructed by the research study for the multi-functional heat pump water heater can provide a diagnosis instrument for the subsequent heat pump water heaters of various capabilities or similar functions during the development process.

並列關鍵字

multi-function heart pump water heater ； irreversibility ； COP

參考文獻

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