分量儲冰空調系統運轉策略最適化及實例應用研究

儲冰式空調系統具有利用時間電價以節約電費，以及轉移尖峰用電提升負載管理之功能。本文藉由國內一大學教學大樓之儲冰空調系統，於各行程中以實際量測之數值分析其原設定運轉策略及控制參數設定條件優缺點，並藉由空調負載模擬及改善運轉策略模型進行模擬，其中探討參數包含融冰時段冰水主機支援時數、時段、儲冰量等參數。模擬結果顯示，主機於尖峰時段支援融冰行程4小時可有效抑制尖峰需量並獲得最佳效益，相較於改善前結果其效益為46.7萬元/年（13.2％）。以三段式時間電價模擬運算之最佳運轉時段為9至12時，其效益為64.7萬元/年（18.3％）。運轉策略改善後尖峰需量明顯抑制，進而調整以尖峰契約容量1,000 kW搭配離峰契約容量500 kW之模式取代原始尖峰契約容量1,500kW之模式，可節省基本電費約111.5萬元/年。

關鍵字

儲冰空調系統；負載管理；時間電價

並列摘要

Ice storage HVAC system can save electricity charge by using time-of-use rates, and enhance load management by means of shifting peak demand. In this case of the Ice storage system of a domestic university, we use the data measured in each stage to analyze the advantage and disadvantage of its operation strategies, and stimulate and calculate a conclusion by using cooling load simulation and VBA module. The main topics discussed include running time of chiller during ice melting stage, period and ice storage capacity. According to the result of the simulation, the method which is applied to chiller to support the ice melting stage for 4 hours at peak time can shift peak demand sufficiently and acquire best operating benefit. In comparison with former modal, this new one can save about 467 thousand (13.2%) per year. The best supporting time of TOU Rate-B is 9 to 12 o’clock which save 647 thousand (18.3%) per year. By amending operating strategy, peak demand shifted obviously. Using regular contract capacity for 1,000kW and off-peak period contract capacity for 500kW as a replacement for regular contract capacity for 1,500kW is calculated to save about 1.1 million per year.