台灣之水庫多建於深山峽谷,集水區內的地層年輕而質弱,多為沉積岩或變質岩,風化後易受雨水軟化、崩塌,逕流入水庫後形成淤泥,而相對地減少水庫使用之年限。水庫疏浚及淤泥處置之成本多為昂貴,故水庫淤泥的材料化、資源化,將有利於水庫的維護並促進經濟之發展。 無機聚合物是近年發展的一種鹼性膠凝材料,具有早強、抗酸鹼及耐久性佳、界面接合強度高等優點,本研究欲使用無機聚合之技術,應用於水庫淤泥的資源化上,將其經熱處理製備成建築材料並評估其可行性;過程中亦使用變高嶺石及玻璃粉作為添加物,藉此提高無機聚合膠結之效果,以獲得更佳的物理、機械性質;其中添加 15 % 玻璃粉於水庫淤泥中,在鹼液之 Si2O/Na2O = 1 鹼液及固液比 4 的條件下,經 20 Kgf/cm2 加壓成型,將坯體乾燥並於 500℃ 熱處理 2 小時後,可得到體密度為 2.07 g/cm3 及吸水率 9.7 % ,且抗壓強度約 63 MPa 的燒成試樣,其符合 CNS 對磚材的品質規定中,一級磚的吸水率於 10 % 以下,以及抗壓強度在 30 MPa 以上之需求。
In Taiwan, a large number of reservoir sludge is an imperative problem that causes reservoir capacity decreasing. Landfill and ocean dumping, and recycling is generally used for treating reservoir sludge at present. For example, the application of bricks, lightweight aggregates and controlled low strength materials. This study evaluated the feasibility of building bricks produced from reservoir sludge using geopolymeric technology. A series of brick green bodies were manufactured by mixing reservoir sludge, glass powder, amorphous metakaolinite powder, alkali silicate solution and alkal hydroxide solution with a certain wt.%. The results show that building bricks made by geopolymeric technology at a thermal treatment range of 300 - 500℃ for 2 hours which conform with Taiwan building bricks criteria. Thus, a large amount of sintering energy can be saved. The mechanical property and water absorption of building bricks can be improved by addition 10 - 20 wt.% glasses or metakaolinite powders. It represents that the production of building bricks can be replaced clay by reservoir sludge and provided a feasible program of recycling management.