心電圖壓縮編碼演算法之開發與模擬

在心臟疾病的診斷上，心電圖是很重要的人體生理訊號，但對於偶發性心律不整患者而言，會需要24至72小時的追蹤量測，以便診斷之用。對於穿戴式裝置而言，儲存這些資料是一個負擔。所以心電訊號的壓縮除了資料量的減少，更重要的是同時又能保留住心電圖中重要的波形特徵。本論文的研究目的是開發一使用於穿戴式裝置且特色為無失真、即時、運算簡單及低時間運算成本並適合於微處理器上實現之心電圖壓縮編碼演算法。本論文以心電訊號之分佈特性及相鄰取樣點之相關性為基礎，將心電訊號進行三種不同壓縮法搭配三種不同編碼。本研究以心電訊號產生器的訊號測試，提出的三種不同壓縮法搭配三種不同編碼之最佳CR各為1.667、1.2967及1.2969與Haar小波轉換搭配三種不同編碼之最佳CR為1.767比較。結果顯示，Haar小波轉換壓縮法雖然比三種壓縮法的CR值較佳，但Haar小波轉換之PRD值為3.05%，而三種壓縮法之PRD值皆為0%。在重建訊號方面，相對於Haar小波轉換與原始訊號有失真現象，本文所提出之三種方法與原始訊號經比較後確定無失真現象，不僅將資料量減少又可以同時保留住心電圖中判斷心臟疾病之重要波形特徵。未來可應用在本實驗室所開發之心電訊號擷取模組電路上，經擷取人體之心電訊號後，進行壓縮編碼以便減少龐大的資料量。

關鍵字

心電圖；壓縮比；無失真

並列摘要

The ECG is an important physiology signal. Because the data record of ECG often takes 24 or more hours, it should be many storage units to store this huge amount of these data for the ECG analysis. Except for decreasing the amount of data, retaining waveform characteristics of ECG at the same time is also an important goal for the ECG signal compression. The main purpose of this research is to develop a wearable device which is lossless, real-time, simple operation, low computation and suitable to be used on encoding algorithms for ECG compression of mcu. This dissertation is based on the characteristics of ECG signal distribution and correlation among adjacent heartbeats to compress ECG signal in three different ways with three different encoding. Through signal tests by the ECG generator, this dissertation raised three better CR of compression methods are 1.667, 1.2967 and 1.2969, and Haar with three different encoding of CR of 1.767. The result shown that the Haar is a little better than the others, but the PRD of Haar is 3.05% and PRD of three compressions is 0%. As the signal reconstruction, this dissertation raised the three methods are lossless after confirming compared with Haar and original signal which are lossy. It not only decrease the amount of data but retain waveform characteristics of heart disease. This design can be used to develop the ECG Acquisition Systems, reducing huge amount of data after capturing ECG signal from human body.

並列關鍵字

ECG ； Compression ratio ； Lossless

參考文獻

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心電圖壓縮編碼演算法之開發與模擬

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