雙向直流-直流轉換器與主動式電流感測電路設計

Design of Bidirectional DC-DC Converter and Active Current Sensing Circuit

莊凱斌(Kai-Pin Zhuang)

指導教授 ： 陳建中

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電腦與通訊研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

本論文提出一個雙向直流-直流轉換器，透過模式選擇及改變外部元件接法便可使用同一組功率電晶體，進行降壓轉換器及升壓轉換器兩種功能選擇。
此轉換器採用電流模式控制磁滯電流控制法，且運用主動式電流感測技術，它能夠有效地規範電感電流及擁有快速的暫態響應等特性，此外切換開關皆以功率電晶體所取代，可減少切換損失。晶片包含一組功率電晶體、模式選擇電路、驅動電路及二組控制電路，控制電路主要架構有主動式電流感測電路、取樣保持電路、磁滯電流比較電路、電壓對電流轉換電路、誤差放大器及非重疊電路。晶片採用台灣積體電路公司零點三五微米兩層多晶矽四層金屬互補式氧化物半導體製程實現。
實測結果雙向直流-直流轉換器在降壓模式下，輸入電壓範圍3V~5V；輸出電壓範圍0.3V~3V；最大負載電流350mA；最大效率可達92%。在升壓模式下，輸入電壓範圍1.8V~3V；輸出電壓範圍2.1V~4V；最大負載電流200mA；最大效率可達88%。

關鍵字

雙向直流-直流轉換器 ； 降壓 ； 升壓 ； 電流感測電路

並列摘要

The main theme of this thesis is to present a Bidirectional DC-DC converter provided two functional options of buck and boost converters based upon mode selection and changed external component connection method which is used by the same power mos.
This converter proposed in thesis is to adopt the current control model and technology of hysteresis current comparator. By utilizing active current sensing circuit, this control method includes significant of the inductor current and providing fast transient response. Meanwhile, power mos will be used to replace the switch to enhance power efficiency. The chip consists of a power mos, mode select circuit, driving circuit, and two series of controller circuit. The controller consists to the active current sensing circuit, sample and hold circuit, hysteresis current comparator, voltage to current converter, error amplifier and non-overlap circuit. The chip is implemented with TSMC 0.35μm 2P4M CMOS processes.
In the buck mode, the specifications of the designed converter include: input voltage equal to 3V-5V, output voltage equal to 0.3V-3V, maximum load current up to 350mA and a maximum efficiency of 92%. In the boost mode, the specifications of the designed converter include: input voltage equal to 1.8V-3V, output voltage equal to 2.1V-4V, maximum load current up to 200mA and a maximum efficiency of 88%. The experimental results verify the design and implementation.

並列關鍵字

Bidirectional DC-DC converter ； Buck ； Boost ； Current sensing circuit

參考文獻

[3] 林詠凱，高效率雙向直流轉換器的研製，碩士論文，台北科技大學，電機工程系碩士班，民國94年。

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[2] Manu Jain, Praveen K. Jain, Matteo Daniele, ”A Bi-Directional DC-DC Converter Topology For Low Power Application,” IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 595-606, July 2000.

[4] H. P. Forghani-zadeh, G.A. Rincon-Mora, ”Current-sensing techniques for DC-DC converters,”The 2002 45th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems,2002. MWSCAS-2002. Volume 2, 4-7, pp. 577-580, Aug. 2002.

[5] T. A. Smith, S. Dimitrijev, H. B. Harrison, ”Controlling a dc-dc converter by using the power MOSFET as a voltage controlled resistor,”IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems-I：Fundamental Theory and Applications, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 357-362, Mar 2000.