剪切增稠流體複合材料耐衝擊性質之應用探討

Study of Impact Resistance of Composites Containing Shear Thickening Fluid

林志璋(Jhih-Jhang Lin)

指導教授 ： 葉樹開

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2013.00645

摘要

本研究使用兩種不同粒徑的二氧化矽與聚乙二醇(PEG)經由兩種不同的溶液配置方法，配製出含有不同濃度二氧化矽的膠體溶液，並由錐板流變儀量測其剪切增稠現象，實驗結果顯示含有兩種不同粒徑的奈米顆粒的PEG溶液在高濃度下都表現出明顯的剪切增稠現象，含有40 wt%, 15 nm二氧化矽顆粒的流體在剪切速率為5~28.9 s-1的範圍內，黏度瞬間提昇了29倍。含有72.93 wt%, 450 nm二氧化矽顆粒的流體在剪切速率為61.1~217 s-1的範圍內，流體的黏度瞬間提昇了七至九倍。
此一剪切增稠流體可進一步將流體的特性應用在防護材料方面。將Kevlar纖維浸漬於稀釋後的剪切增稠流體以複合材料加工的方式製備成複合材料後，再進行彈道測試、我們以四層7 cm×7 cm的Kevlar纖維浸漬於不同體積的剪切增稠流體中。測試結果顯示，添加剪切增稠流體後的複材，相較於未添加任何流體的複材，在彈道測試中子彈擊中複材後所消耗的能量明顯提升，因此，添加剪切增稠流體可以明顯的增強抗彈纖維的防護效果。

關鍵字

奈米二氧化矽 ； 剪切增稠流體 ； 流變性質 ； 防護材料

並列摘要

In this study, shear thickening fluid was prepared by two methods. Polyethylene glycol was used as the fluid and silicon dioxide nanoparticles of two different sizes were used as the colloid. From the results, we observed that the mixtures of high loading level of silica nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol demonstrated significant shear thickening behavior. For the PEG fluid containing 40 wt% 15 nm silicon dioxide nanoparticles, the viscosity of fluid instantly increased 29 to 30 times when shear rate increased from 5/s to 28.9/s. Also, for the PEG fluid containing 72.93 wt%, 450 nm silicon dioxide nanoparticles, the viscosity of fluid instantly increased 7 to 9 times when shear rate increased from 61.1/s to 217/s.
One of the applications of STF is protection. Impregnating Kevlar fabrics with shear thickening fluid into Kevlar fabric may significantly reduce the layers of Kevlar fabric needed for ballistic impact resistance and improve the flexibility of the composite. In this study, ballistic testing samples were prepared from neat Kevlar fabrics and STF-impregnated ones using Kevlar fabrics with various amount of shear thickening fluid. The result shows that samples reinforced with STF showed a significant improvement in bullet energy absorption.

並列關鍵字

Silica nanoparticles ； Shear Thicking Fluid ； Rheological Property ； Protective materials

參考文獻

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