本研究利用加熱酸解法、鹽析中和等處理飛灰的有害性,期能同時破壞飛灰中戴奧辛,使其皆合乎法規標準,降低飛灰的有害性,使其無害化並降低因酸解所造成的溶失問題。 經由本研究可獲知焚化飛灰在加熱條件設定溫度25~160℃、加熱時間5~60分鐘時酸解後的焚化飛灰經鹽析中和處理,其重量溶失率約在-4.2~10.8%之間。在加熱酸解處理使用酸液濃度14.0M硝酸+12.0M硫酸、加熱溫度160℃、加熱時間30min之實驗條件下,戴奧辛之破壞效率可達98%。另外在加熱酸解後之廢液中戴奧辛含量只佔原灰量約0.015%,其餘戴奧辛被破壞,將不會衍生二次污染之問題。此結果顯示採用直接加熱式酸解法仍可以有效去除焚化飛灰中有害物質戴奧辛且符合法規標準。 最後由加熱酸解處理焚化飛灰應用於工程上之成本分析,結果顯示加熱酸解法之處理費用(3,835元/噸)高於目前我國較常使用之固化法處理成本(3,758元/噸),但卻比熔融法之處理(10,049元/噸)低。並且依本研究結果顯示加熱酸解後之飛灰中重金屬大部分溶出與戴奧辛大部分被破壞使得飛灰成為無害化之物質,其飛灰可資源再利用所產生之效益也會相對減低所需處理成本,此值得後續工程上評估與推廣。
Because MSWI fly ash hazardous, harmless and toxicity reduction are important for the fly ash reutilization.Thermal Degradation with salting precipitation was explored to destrut and remove PCDD/Fs in MSWI fly ash in this study. The heating conditions used in this work was the temperature of 25~160°C, the acid solution of 5 to 60 minutes of heating time of incineration fly ash by salting processing.The weight dissolution loss rate is about -4.2 to 10.8 percent.Used 14.0M nitric acid mix 12.0M sulfuric acid concentration of the thermal degradation in the heating,the heating temperature of 160°C,the heating time 30min experimental conditions,the dioxin destruction efficiency up to 98%.In addition only original gray about the dioxin content in the waste after a thermal degradation 0.015%,the rest of dioxin destruction will not derived secondary pollution problem.These results indicate that the direct thermal degradation still can effectively remove the harmful substance dioxin incineration fly ash and in accordance with the regulations and standards. By thermal degradation to deal treat incineration fly ash used in engineering,the results derived form cost analysis show that heating the acid solution of the processing costs (3,835 NT/ton) is higher than more frequently used in the solidification processing costs (3,758 NT/ton), but lower than the melting method of processing (10,049 NT/ton).And in accordance with these findings show that the heating of heavy metals in fly ash after acid hydrolysis most of the dissolution of the effectiveness of dioxin most of the destruction and fly ash into harmless substances,fly ash can reuse resources will be relatively lower required processing cost is worth the subsequent engineering evaluation and promotion.