為了探討空氣中微生物在亂流型空調環境之無塵手術室手術進行中的變化規率,以及是否對術後感染產生影響。在開刀進行中利用Andersen 六階採樣器,進行空氣採樣分析統計並在相近空調系統環境條件下之手術室,調查統計分析接受手術病患的病歷來分析追蹤術後感染;最後以套裝軟體FLUENT 6.1與Airpak 2.1,分析手術時內部環境氣流流場與模擬手術室內部遭受從天花板上HEPA出風口洩漏粒子時,分別產生於主流區、渦流區、回風口區之粒子軌跡。 實驗中發現手術室環境菌屬濃度大小關係為: GPC(革蘭氏陽性球菌)>GPB(革蘭氏陽性桿菌)> GNB(革蘭氏陰性桿菌) 。整個完整手術過程中採到之菌落關係為:渦流區最多,回風區次之,主流區之菌落最少。真菌多集中於渦流區。術後感染病患病歷樣本發現之酵母菌(Yeast form fungi) 、厭氧革蘭氏陽性細菌、葡萄球菌屬,金黃色葡萄球菌,等菌種與採樣結果相吻合。在氣流模擬部份研究發現對於HEPA洩漏所產生之灰塵粒子或生物氣膠,對本案例之手術室配置而言,因mechanic table放至於手術台後方,灰塵粒子會隨著風飄到躺在手術台上面的已切開病患傷口內及已經沾滿血液的手術用刀械上面。此外利用軟體模擬當假設污染源為手術進行中由醫生手部產生,污染粒子會沿著病人身上往器械桌方向流過,增加感染機率。
Bioaerosol characteristics in a typical turbulent type operation room of a general hospital of a medical center was measured and analyzed by Andersen sampler. The results show (1) the concentration distributions of bio-aerosol were qualitatively similar to those indicated by the so-called three-region model, (2) the types of bio-aerosol include: GPC, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, GPB, GNB, and Fungi, (3) the measured concentration was related to the sampling location, the working behavior of the occupant in the operation room, layout of the medical equipment, and airflow patterns.