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  • 學位論文

植基於結構基因類神經網路之旋轉機械故障診斷系統

Rotating Machinery Fault Diagnosis System Using sGA-based Neural Networks

指導教授 : 陳金聖

摘要


故障診斷廣泛應用於工業上的機械系統,為了避免機械造成重大的損壞,論文中提出一個基於機器學習技術的旋轉機械故障診斷系統,此系統的核心是結構基因類神經網路。藉由轉子模擬系統的實驗和文獻的經驗,知道故障的現象多發生在轉子與軸承的問題,所以透過研究振動訊號來幫助準確的找出故障現象。研究中包含了兩個階段,分別為振動訊號的前處理和故障的診斷。首先在前處理階段,採用階次分析(Order Tracking)和全頻譜(Full Spectrum)等技術,將每一種故障訊號的特徵從頻譜圖中取出,並做為後段診斷的輸入資料;其次診斷的階段,是將前段的特徵資料餵入類神經網路去學習,並在學習的過程中運用結構基因演算法找出最佳的類神經參數組合,最後藉由综合推論得到故障診斷結果。使用類神經網路的優點是具有學習和推論的能力,幫助診斷出故障的各種現象,其中基於結構基因演算法中自然選擇、自然遺傳的搜尋機制,在沒有太多背景資料情況下有助於找出最佳的類神經參數組合,並且透過結構的機制降低掉入局部最佳解,提高診斷的準確性。

並列摘要


This thesis proposes a robust fault diagnosis system of rotating machine adapting machine learning technology. The kernel of this diagnosis system includes a structure genetic algorithm neural network (sGANN). First, the frequency characteristics from differential fault signals are obtained by order tracking and full spectrum. The characteristic are used to feed into the sGANN corresponding to specified faults to emphasize the phenomenon of each fault. Especially, the structure genetic algorithm is applied to get the optimal parameters of the above sGANNs. In the final step of proposed diagnosis system, the evaluated indexes from sGANN are synthesized by a reasoning engine to identify the faults in the rotor system. In the experiment, six common malfunctions of rotor system, unbalance, misalignment, bow, rub, whirl and whip, are generated from a rotor kit to verify the performance of this diagnosis system. The advantage of this diagnosis system is that the optimal sGANN parameter can be automatically obtained, the local optimal can be reduced and the diagnosis accuracy can be improved.

參考文獻


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