建構缺損型供應鏈生產規劃架構

Construct the Production Planning of the Imperfect Supply Chain

陳永展(Yung-Chan Chen)

指導教授 ： 王河星

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/工業工程與管理系所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

隨著全球化經濟發展，科技的進步日新月異，各產業之產品市場需求急速攀升，產業為了降低成本、滿足顧客需求、拓展市場佔有率，對於供應鏈整合日益重視，期盼達到上、下游企業夥伴關係雙贏的最佳經營政策，市場上的競爭已不像過去只是企業間的競爭，而是整個供應鏈體系間的競爭，故供應鏈管理為目前產業界及學術界熱門的研究主題。
供應鏈系統為一產品完整生產系統，過去研究大多假設此生產系統為平衡結構，然而現實生產情境下系統內個別成員常因有生產損失（加工製造損失、運送損失、儲存損失、…等）而無法有效地達成生產任務，此將導致整個供應鏈生產體系的績效降低，而此具有生產損失的供應鏈，即稱之為缺損型供應鏈系統。本研究將針對此供應鏈網路系統之供應商選擇及配送規劃的問題進行探討，探討的內容將考量供應鏈系統結構之可靠度，以及因生產損失而導致系統不平衡之情態，進而發展一適切之數學規劃模式。
為了有較快、且有效率的求解速度，將使用兩階段的方式來解決問題，首先進行供應商選擇以簡化供應鏈網路，再以之進行供應鏈的配送；由於問題較為複雜，為期快速得到一個滿意的近似最佳解，本研究提出以螞蟻演算法為基礎之求解程式進行規劃求解。對於所規劃的模式，以Visual Basic6.0程式語言，並結合Microsoft Office Access資料庫，開發一個程式來試行所發展模式。
經實際案例應用結果顯示，本研究所提之求解模式可快速且有效地規劃最適供應鏈網路型態及生產配送決策，並能衡量供應鏈的可靠度與成本，相信在供應鏈管理的應用上能有很大的助益。

關鍵字

缺損型供應鏈 ； 供應鏈的可靠度 ； 螞蟻演算法

並列摘要

Along with the development of economy’s globalization, the quick changing in the advancement of science and technology and the rapid growth in the market demand of the products in all industries. These industries increasingly emphasize the Supply Chain Integration in order to reduce their cost, meet the needs of customers and expand the market share, which is also expected to realize the best double-win business policy in the fellowship of the enterprises at the upper and lower stages. Supply chain system is an integrated production system of a product. In the past researches, this system was often assumed to be an equilibrium structure, but in real production process, some members in this system usually cannot effectively complete their productive task because of the losses of production (such as the loss of processing and manufacturing, the loss of carriage, the loss of storage etc.), which will reduce the performance of the whole supply chain production system. This supply chain with the losses of production is called the imperfect supply chain system. This research will discuss the selection of suppliers and the distribution planning in this supply chain network system. In the discussion, we will consider the reliability of the structure of this supply chain system and the unbalance of this system caused by the losses of production. Then we can develop a germane Mathematical Programming Model.
In order to realizing a quick and efficient solving speed, this research develops a two-stage model to resolve this problem. First, the selection of suppliers should be done to simplify the supply chain network. Then, the distribution of this supply chain will be carried out on the basis of the first step. Due to the complex problem and in order to get a satisfactory near-optimal solution with great speed, this research proposes seeking the solution with the solving model based on Ant Colony Algorithm. The application results in real cases show that the solving model presented by this research can quickly and effectively plan the most suitable type of the supply chain network and decision-making of the production distribution, and weigh the reliability and cost of the supply chain. It is also believed to play a very beneficial role in the application of the supply chain management.

並列關鍵字

Imperfect Supply Chain ； the Reliability of the Supply Chain ； Ant Colony Algorithm

參考文獻

[8] 陳啟政，運用總品質成本分析之供應商績效評估模式，中原大學工業工程研究所博士論文，中壢，2002。

[11] 黃宇辰，應用混合螞蟻演算法於可靠度串並聯系統元件配置問題之研究，元智大學工業工程與管理學系碩士論文，中壢，2002。

[12] 黃宏毅，智慧型供應商選擇支援系統，國立成功大學資訊管理學系碩士論文，台南，2001。

[17] 蔡裕隆，製造系統模糊可靠度之研究，國立臺灣大學機械工程學研究所碩士論文，台北，1994。

[24] Beckers, R., Deneubourg, J.L., and Goss, S., “Trails and U-turns in the selection of the shortest path by the ant Lasius niger”, Journal of Theoretical Biology, 159, 1992, pp.397-415.