功率因數修正器待機功耗與無感測技術的研究

Study on the Standby Power Consumption and Sensorless Technique for Converters with Power Factor Correction

李歌晏(Ko-Yen Lee)

指導教授 ： 賴炎生

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系所/博士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2009.00604

摘要

本文旨在分析與研究主動式功率因數修正器的待機功率消耗與無感測技術，並提出可以減少具有功率因數修正的雙級轉換器待機功耗的解決方案，以及兩種針對功率因數修正器新型無感測技術。
首先設計低損耗啟動電路與切離功率因數修正電路，使具有功率因數修正的雙級轉換器，能夠減少待機功率消耗，並通過待機規範的要求，本文提出的電路不需電流回授元件與磁滯電路即可有效的偵測負載狀態，因此能夠減少成本與不正確的負載電流訊號。
其次提出應用於單相主動式功率因數修正器的無輸入電壓感測技術，其主要貢獻為探討元件非理想特性對無輸入感測技術的影響，元件非理想特性包含電感器的直流電阻、輸出電容器的等效電阻、二極體的導通電壓以及功率晶體的導通電阻，當負載增加時元件非理想特性所造成的效應更顯著。
最後研製一具新型無輸出電流感測的三相雙向功率因數修正器，此雙向功率因數修正器的製作為利用些微的修改變頻器硬體，並重新燒錄軟體，其目的為利用兩個相同的變頻器硬體，即可完成背接式具有功率因數修正的變頻馬達驅動系統。

關鍵字

功率因數修正 ； 待機功率消耗 ； 無感測技術

並列摘要

The objective of this thesis is to study and analyze standby power consumption and sensorless technique for converter with power factor correction. The solution for reducing the standby power of two-stage converter and two sensorless control techniques for power converters with power factor correction are proposed.
The design of auxiliary circuit (including start-up circuit) and PFC-OFF control which significantly reduces the standby power to meet the energy code under standby condition will be presented. Moreover, it will be shown that these circuits don’t need any current sensor and hysteresis circuit to detect the load condition, which can reduce the cost and avoid false activation caused by current noise.
Moreover, a new single-phase converter with power factor correction without using AC voltage sensor is presented. The key contribution of the presented converter is taking the non-ideal features of circuit components into account. These non-ideal characteristics of the components include resistance of inductor, equivalent series resistance of output capacitor, forward voltage drop of diode and turn-on resistance of MOSFET. It will be shown that their effects become relevant as the power or load increases.
Finally, a novel bi-directional three-phase power factor converter without using DC-link current sensor is proposed. The off-shelf DC/AC stage can be used to realize such bi-directional converter with only slight modification to the control software. This feature provides the possibility of building a back-to-back AC/DC/AC system using two identical hardware modules.

並列關鍵字

Power factor correction ； Standby power consumption ； Sensorless technique

參考文獻

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