- 學位論文
以電腦模擬整車翻覆試驗分析大客車立柱對於殘留空間的影響
The effects of residual spaces caused by bus pillars using roller tests simulating method
摘要
台灣一般公路上，載客量最大的交通工具為大客車。由於台灣業者，為了節省成本，多半是單獨向國外購買底盤，車體部分由台灣車體打造廠業者，自行改裝打造，或是為了求美觀，舒適性，過度使用上層結構，使得整車重心上移。在急轉彎，或是路面傾斜的山路，大客車的翻車問題，令人擔憂。考慮到安全問題，我們需對於車體重心高度，以及車體結構強度，做安全評估。 大客車翻覆安全性的法規，目前最知名的就是歐規ECE R66（Economic Commission for Europe ，ECE）。台灣所適用的是中華民國「車輛安全檢測基準」第五十五項「大客車車身結構」－電腦模擬整車翻覆試驗，簡稱55法規。此法規對於客車翻覆分析、實驗、模擬，和客車翻覆後的殘留空間有嚴格的規範，可盡量確保乘客的安全。 本研究主要使用電腦輔助工程分析（CAE），有限元素法，根據55法規，進行大客車整車動態翻覆分析。本文探討車體立柱結構對於殘留空間的影響，藉此分析，強化立柱結構，提升翻覆後的殘留空間，以及提升大客車的安全性。台灣大客車學術性研究相較某些國家，是比較少的。希望本論文的研究結果，能夠提供車體打造場做為車體打造參考依據。
並列摘要
Bus can carry the most passengers in Taiwan transportation. Bus bottoms are usually imported by the manufacturers,and the bus body are manufactured localy. In order to have a beautiful appearance and a comfortable space,it is usually to design upper space.But this design would make bus center of gravity rising,and this is very dangerous if making a fast turn or driving in a slant road. Therefore,it is need to let body of a car structure more strong and center of gravity down. ECE R66 is a most famous code （Economic Commission for Europe ，ECE）that about bus roller tests,and the 55 code is used in Taiwan.The 55 code provides methods to examine bus roller tests, experiments, simulator and residual space, and it can protect passengers safely in bus. This paper describes the 55 bus rollover dynamic test using FEM. The residual space effects caused by the different body pillars are discussed. Some sections strengthed pillars improve the residual spaces and safely of the bus body. Bus researches in Taiwan are fewer than that in other countries. I wish this kind of researchs can provide a reference for manufacturers.