水熱法合成鋅蒙脫石之研究

Study of Hydrothermal Synthesis of Zinc Montmorillonite

張維仁(Wei-Ren Zhang)

指導教授 ： 余炳盛

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/資源工程研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

蒙脫石具層狀矽酸鹽結構，高比表面積、陽離子交換性、水合等特性，故在學術與工業上應用廣泛，如：光觸媒之載台、高分子之插層材料、有機汙水吸附劑等。
本研究以水熱法合成鋅蒙脫石，根據其結構化學式Na2x[(Al2(1-x)Zn2x□)Si4O10(OH,F)2]•nH2O，選擇不同元素源與莫耳比製備前驅物，進行一階段合成產物，未再經後處理。合成之純相鋅蒙脫石使用表面改質劑CTAB修飾表面與層間，以及測試陽離子交換容量，與市售蒙脫石相比較其成分與特性。
XRD結果顯示， SiO2－Al(OH)(C2H3O2)2－NaCOOCH3系統中的Al/Zn=4下有二八面體鋅蒙脫石，與市售蒙脫石含大量石英相較下有較純相。SEM形貌有明顯片狀晶體，且寬度可達1.5μm。使用醋酸銨法測量陽離子交換容量，最大當量為185.39 meq/100g。IR光譜顯示改質後在官能區有CH鍵吸收峰產生，低角度XRD分析得知鋅蒙脫石之層間距由改質前的12.39Å膨脹至改質後的20.44Å。TG分析顯示合成之具親水性鋅蒙脫石可成功被修飾成有機分子之疏水表面特性，且脫羥基溫度為300℃。

關鍵字

膨潤土 ； 蒙脫石 ； 水熱法 ； 陽離子交換容量 ； 有機黏土

並列摘要

With special features hydration, large specific surface area, and high cation exchange capacity (CEC), montmorillonite as phyllosilicate boasts extensive industrial applications, such as photocatalyst carrier, polymer intercalation, and adsorption of organic pollutants in waste water.
In this study, zinc montmorillonite was synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Based on the ideal structural formula of Na2x[(Al2(1-x)Zn2x□)Si4O10(OH,F)2]•nH2O, different element sources and molar ratios were selected to prepare precursors and to facilitate one-step synthesis that requires no post-treatment. Applying (CTAB) cetyltrimethylammonium bromide to modify the surface and interlayer and testing the CEC, the study compared the synthesized pure zinc montmorillonite with the montmorillonite available on the market in terms of composition and property.
As indicated by the XRD (X-ray diffraction) results, when Al/Zn=4 within the SiO2－Al(OH)(C2H3O2)2－NaCOOCH3 system, dioctahedral zinc montmorillionite was formed and observed to have a purer phase than its comparable counterpart containing quartz. SEM morphology showed obvious layered crystals 1.5μm in width. Measured by the ammonium acetate method, CEC reported a maximum capacity of 185.39 meq/100g. The infrared spectra indicated that the modified zinc montmorillionite activated the absorption bands of the C-H bond in the functional group. In line with the low-angle XRD results, the basal spacing of the zinc montmorillionite expanded from 12.39Å before the modification to 20.44Å after the modification. Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis suggested that the surface property of zinc montmorillionite can be successfully changed from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, and the temperature of dehydroxylation read 300°C.

並列關鍵字

Smectite ； zinc montmorillonite ； hydrothermal synthesis ； CEC ； organclay

參考文獻

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