藥劑與加壓對有機汙泥脫水效率的探討

Discover of pharmaceutical and organic sludge dewatering pressure on efficiency

施壯龍(Zhuang-Long Shi)

指導教授 ： 王金樹

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/機電整合研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本研究主要探討汙泥細胞破壁後,對污泥餅脫水效率的提高所做的研究，本文將以國內工業區汙水處理廠的汙泥做為研究對象，以化學性的滲透破壁結合物理性的高壓脫水試驗，藉由濾出液的水量對照汙泥餅烘乾的含水率來探討汙泥餅含水率降低的可行性。
以化學性試驗的結果發現對汙泥以高差異ph值變化對污泥細胞的滲透破壞，再比對無改變原汙泥做比較，發現比重、CST (Capillary suction timer)、絮凝劑用量皆有很大的差異，汙泥在ph值大幅變化的條件下，汙泥顆粒會變細不利於汙泥脫水的改善，但可以絮凝劑(聚丙烯酰胺polyacrylamide)加以絮凝，可以更明顯觀察到固液分離分層的效果。再結合高壓板框式脫水機將有調理的汙泥與未調理的汙泥擠壓的濾出液做水量比較，可發現汙泥細胞的內部水被擠壓出來，有助於汙泥乾基量含水率的降低。
本論文經過化學性的加藥結合物理性的加壓方法之研究，吾人發現其存在汙泥添加絮凝劑無法有效率的降低汙泥餅的含水率、破壞汙泥細胞組織且結合少量絮凝劑有固液分離的效果、污泥經過有機界面活性劑藥劑滲透調理後經板框脫水機濾出的濾出液是未調理汙泥的2倍、由實驗知絮凝劑確有包覆細胞固液分離的作用，但我們要的是汙泥餅低含水率，絮凝劑無破壞效果之結論。
論文中其汙泥細胞滲透破壁方法可提供水處理業界做降低汙泥餅含水率的參考，但仍需有多種不同汙泥的實驗來驗證有機界面活性劑藥劑的效果，針對不同汙泥有不同的藥劑調配，才能有效率的達到汙泥脫水目標，然而目前要使有機汙泥餅的含水率達到50%以下，以目前業界的模式是以高壓、高藥劑濃度絮凝劑的方式進行，而本研究是以高壓、中藥劑濃度(有機界面活性劑、無機鹼衍生物、絮凝劑)的方式，做為加強汙泥餅的脫水的方法，但未來的趨勢為低壓且低藥劑濃度為最有經濟效率，但需考量汙泥的特性、硬體設備的狀況、藥劑藥效的強度，故值得未來繼續探討之必要性。

關鍵字

CST ； 絮凝劑 ； 有機界面活性劑 ； 無機鹼衍生物

並列摘要

This study focused on the cell wall of sludge, dewatered sludge cake made to study efficiency, the paper will be domestic industrial area sewage treatment plant sludge as an object of study, combined with chemical penetration broken experimental physics of high pressure dehydration, with the amount of water filtrate control the moisture content of dried sludge cake to investigate the feasibility of reducing the moisture content of the sludge cake.
The results of chemical tests to find the differences between the sludge with a high ph value changes on sludge cell destruction, and then compared to no change in the original sludge comparison, found the proportion, CST( Capillary suction timer), flocculant dosage Jieyou big difference, sewage mud substantial change in the ph value of the condition becomes fine particles of sludge dewatering is not conducive to the improvement, but it can be flocculant(polyacrylamide) flocculation can be more clearly observed in the solid-liquid separation layered effect. Combined with the high pressure filter dewatering and sludge conditioner has not pressed sludge conditioning filtered water was done comparing the cells can be found in the internal aqueous sludge is squeezed out of the sludge to help dry reduce the amount of moisture.
This research paper by chemical binding of the physical methods, one finds that the presence of added flocculant sludge can not reduce efficiently the moisture content of the sludge cake, and tissue destruction sludge combined with a small amount of solid-liquid separation effect of flocculant sludge conditioning after drug penetration through the frame dewatering filtrate filtrate sludge conditioning is not three times, from the experimental to know that there coated cells flocculant solid-liquid separation effect, but what we want is dirty low cake moisture, no conclusion destructive effect of flocculants.
Paper sludge cell infiltration broken their method can provide water treatment industry do to reduce the moisture content of the sludge cake reference, but still there are many different experiments to verify the effect of sludge agents have different agents for different deployment sludge in order to achieve an efficient sludge dewatering goals, so this method necessity of its sludge cell infiltration of the broken remains of their future.
However, the key to achieve sludge reduction of the moisture content of the sludge is currently handling 80 percent of Taiwan's moisture content by drying sludge technology, but it is an energy-intensive approach to the future trend will only increase, not decrease electricity , there is no more economical for customers, through this sludge treatment technology status for Taiwan and sludge dewatering analysis, that in order to promote chemical sludge conditioning penetrate the cell wall damage, reduce the moisture content of the sludge the most effective address key economic, dehydrated through a high-pressure plate and frame dewatering machine can fully achieve the objective of reducing the moisture content of the sludge cake.

並列關鍵字

CST ； flocculants ； organic surface-active agents ； inorganic alkali derivatives

參考文獻

[3] 朝陽科技大學，陳瑞昌，工業區廢水處理廠汙泥減量集資源化績效評估，

[1] 丁啟聖、王維一 ，新型實用過濾技術，冶金工業出版社，2011

[2] 中華民國自來水協會，黃志彬 委員提昇淨水場廢水處理污泥脫水效

能及加藥策略研究，民國94年4月。

中華民國100年7月25日