醫院護理人員工作壓力及職業災害相關之探討

Association between Job Stress and Occupational Injuries among Nurses in Hospitals

黃保榮(Pao-Jung Huang)

指導教授 ： 李顯章

共同指導教授 ： 郭乃文(Nai-Wen Kuo)

臺北醫學大學/公共衛生暨營養學院/醫務管理學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6831/TMU.2011.00005

摘要

本研究目的主要在探討護理人員工作壓力與職業災害之關係性。本研究採橫斷性調查研究方法，研究對象計三家醫院之護理人員，包含一家精神專科醫院，二家綜合醫院，様本數500員，有效回收386員，回收率為77%。資料收集使用結構式問卷，包含「個人屬性」、「付出回饋失衡模式壓力量表」及「職業傷害」。以SPSS 12.0 進行描述性統計、卡方檢定(χ2 test)及邏輯斯迴歸(logistic regression)統計分析。
　　研究結果顯示：1.工作壓力與年齡、婚姻狀況、護理工作總年資、本院護理工作年資、內在付出類別等有顯著的差異。2.職業災害之發生以肌肉骨骼不適為最多，其次為噪音干擾、暴力攻擊、乾淨尖銳物割刺傷、消毒劑傷害。3.肌肉骨骼不適主要與教育程度、工作科別、內在付出類別、付出回饋類別等變項有顯著差異。4.噪音干擾主要與工作科別有顯著差異。5.暴力攻擊主要與性別、年齡層、婚姻狀況、子女數、工作科別、護理工作總年資、本院護理工作年資、暴力攻擊職災訓練、付出回饋類別等有顯著差異。6. 乾淨尖銳物割刺傷主要與年齡層、在職進修、婚姻狀況、護理工作總年資、本院護理工作年資、工作班別、科別、內在付出類別、付出回饋類別等有顯著差異。7.消毒劑傷害主要與年齡層、教育程度、職稱、工作科別、工作班別、付出回饋類別等有顯著差異。8. 與工作壓力有顯著差異的職業災害，包含乾淨尖銳物割刺傷、感染性尖銳物割刺傷、傳染病、消毒劑傷害、肌肉骨骼不適、暴力攻擊及性騷擾。
　　本研究使我們更加深入瞭解護理人員的職業災害，並提供制定政策、教育、實務以及研究的參考，藉以減少工作壓力及職業災害之發生。

關鍵字

護理人員 ； 工作壓力 ； 職業災害

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to expore the relationships among job stress and occupational injuries of nurses.This research was a cross-sectional study.The study samples are nurses from one psychiatric and two general hospitals. A total of 500 questionnaires were issued with 386 returned.The valid sample returns-ratio is 77%. Data were collected using structured questionnaries. The questionnaire included ”distinguishing characteristic of nurses”, “Effort-Reward imbalanced model for job stress” and “occupational injuries”. The statistics applied for data analysis were descriptive statistics, χ2 test, logistic regression, with SPSS for windows 12.0.
The major findings were: (1)There were significant differences on job stress in age, marital status, tenure, overcommitment. (2)The result of questionnaire analysis showed occupational injuries prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder, noise, violence, needlestick was very serious among nursing personnel. (3)There were significant differences on musculoskeletal disorder in education degree, working unit, overcommitment, effort-reward imbalance. (4)There were significant differences on noise in working unit. (5)There were significant differences on violence in gender, age, marital status, children, working unit, tenure, training, effort-reward imbalance. (6)There were significant differences on needlestick in age, training, marital status, tenure, shift, overcommitment, effort-reward imbalance. (7)There were significant differences on sterilizing agents in age, education degree, job rank, working unit, shift, effort-reward imbalance. (8)There were significant differences on needlestick, infectous agents, sterilizing agents, musculoskeletal disorder, violence and aggression in job stress.
　　The　study results increased our understanding about occupational injuries among nurses and provide information for policy making, nursing education, practice and research, to reduce the job stress and occurrence of occupational injuries.

並列關鍵字

nurse ； job stress ； occupational injury

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