- 學位論文
開發以靈芝廢渣和三黃瀉心湯作為雞隻飼料添加物提升雞隻抗菌免疫力之探討
Development of Ganoderma Residues and San-Huang-Shel-Shin-Tang as Anti-bacterial Immunomodulatory Feed Additives for Chicken
摘要
動物抗生素濫用所導致的抗藥性細菌已成為台灣家禽飼養及全民健康之重要問題。本實驗以靈芝廢渣發酵物及三黃瀉心湯作為肉雞飼料添加物，探討提升雞隻免疫力、避免抗生素濫用之可行性。一日齡愛拔益加肉雞先以小雞飼料餵食一週，將2%、4%液態發酵靈芝廢渣及1%、0.5%三黃瀉心湯加入飼料中。於雞滿三、五、六週齡時抽血，以流式細胞儀檢測其白血球吞噬能力及自然殺手細胞活性，並檢測血清中IgG、IgA總含量，於第七週犧牲雞隻，取盲腸內容物檢測sIgA含量，以評估雞隻免疫力。盲腸內容物亦進行腸道菌相實驗，以了解飼料添加物對腸道菌叢影響。結果顯示：添加靈芝廢渣發酵物與三黃瀉心湯能增加雞隻吞噬細胞活性，有效提升自然殺手細胞活性，為非特異性免疫的指標。飼料介入的雞隻血清中的IgG濃度變化無統計差異。此外實驗飼料不能增加雞隻腸道益生菌數，但能減少大腸桿菌數，亦可以增加盲腸重量及盲腸sIgA含量。本實驗證實開發靈芝廢渣發酵物作為雞隻免疫促進飼料添加物的可行性。
並列摘要
The abuse of antibiotics in poultry feed is considered the most important issue that promotes the selection of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in both veterinary and human public health. Ganoderma is known to have immunomodulatory activities by a series of immune assay. San Huang Shel Shin Tang (SHSST) have been discovered the ability on inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus、Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enterica. In this study, we used 2% or 4% Ganoderma residues fermentants (GRF) and 1% or 0.5% SHSST as feed additives for 1-week-old Arbor Acres chicks to evaluate the improvement of chicken immunity. Innate immunity (phagocytosis and NK cells activity) was evaluated at age 3, 6 weeks. Results showed groups of 2% and 4% GRF can increase phogocytosis ability on 5-week-old and 6-week-old chicks with 1% or 0.5% SHSST intervention, respectively. Compare to control group, 2% and 4% GRF groups had better NK cytotoxicity. The feed additives can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli but can’t enhance the multiplication of Bifidobacterium spp.and Lactobacillus spp.. Experimental feed can also increase mucosal immunity of chicken. In conclusion, Ganoderma residues fermentants and SHSST feed additives can enhance the innate immunity of chicken, and can be considered to develop as feed additives of chicken.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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