不同來源之n-3多元不飽和脂肪酸對於粒線體膜組成及功能的影響

Effects of various sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid on mitochondrial membrane composition and function

王文霆(Wen-Ting Wang)

指導教授 ： 謝榮鴻

臺北醫學大學/公共衛生暨營養學院/保健營養學研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

長期攝取高脂飲食會導致過多的能量進入體內，造成體內脂肪的堆積、血脂異常及增加脂質代謝作用。而過度的脂質代謝則會產生過多的活性氧屬reactive oxygen species (ROS)，形成氧化壓力，造成粒線體之功能異常、結構受損及細胞死亡。磷蝦油、魚油及亞麻籽油皆為n-3多元不飽和脂肪酸 (polyunsaturated fatty acid, PUFA) 之良好來源，並且具有改善粒線體功能及調節膜組成之作用。本研究目的為探討高脂飲食及不同富含n-3脂肪酸之油脂對於粒線體功能及膜組成的影響，並觀察膜組成與粒線體功能之相關性。實驗動物使用6週齡雄性Spraque-Dawley (SD) 大鼠，在經過1週的適應期後隨機分為8組，分別為控制組、高脂飲食組、低劑量及高劑量磷蝦油組、低劑量及高劑量魚油組、低劑量及高劑量亞麻籽油組。經過12週的餵食後，低劑量磷蝦油、魚油及不同劑量之亞麻籽油具有預防因高脂飲食所造成粒線體功能不良之作用，包括維持粒線體呼吸鏈酵素活性及粒線體氧氣消耗。在脂肪酸組成的部分，磷蝦油與魚油的補充可以增加白血球、心臟及肌肉粒線體膜上n-3/ n-6比值。此外，魚油與亞麻籽油的補充可降低血液中三酸甘油酯 (triglyceride, TG) 之含量，然而各介入油脂的補充對膽固醇 (total cholesterol, TC)、高密度脂蛋白 (high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)、肝功能指標、血糖、胰島素、homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) 及血漿脂質過氧產物malonadialdehyde (MDA) 相較於高脂飲食組皆無顯著改變。綜合以上結果顯示，在高脂飲食的情況下，補充不同來源之n-3多元不飽和脂肪酸具有維持粒線體功能及改變膜上脂肪酸組成之作用。

關鍵字

高脂飲食 ； 粒線體 ； n-3多元不飽和脂肪酸 ； 磷蝦油 ； 魚油 ； 亞麻籽油

並列摘要

Long term taking high fat diet can lead to over production of energy, result in accumulation of body fat, dyslipidemia and increased lipid metabolism in the body. Over metabolism of lipid results in excessive reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, which can cause mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. Krill oil, fish oil and linseed oil are good sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). They can improve mitochondrial function and modulate cell membrane composition. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of high fat diet and different sources of oil rich in n-3 fatty acids on mitochondrial function and cell membrane composition. Moreover, the connection between cell membrane composition and mitochondrial function were also investigated. Six-weeks old male Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 8 groups including: control group, high fat diet group, low dosage and high dosage krill oil group, low dosage and high dosage fish oil group, and low dosage and high dosage linseed oil group. After 12 weeks of experimental period, the low dosage krill oil, fish oil group and linseed oil group with different dosage prevented mitochondrial dysfunction caused by high fat diet. The supplementation of krill oil and fish oil increased mitochondrial n-3/n-6 ratio in the white blood cell, heart and muscle. On the other hand, the supplementation of fish oil and linseed oil decreased serum triglyceride (TG) concentration. However, there was no significant change in serum total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), biomarker of liver function, glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and plasma malonadialdehyde (MDA) concentration in the treatment groups compared with high fat diet control group. In conclusion, the supplementation of different sources of n-3 PUFA can maintain mitochondrial function and modulate cell membrane fatty acid composition in high fat diet conditions, and there is a connection between mitochondrial function and mitochondrial membrane composition.

並列關鍵字

high fat diet ； mitochondria ； n-3 PUFA ； krill oil ； fish oil ； linseed oil

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