山梔子，赤芍藥及蒼耳子活性成份之研究

Studies on the Active Components of Gardeniae Fructus, Paeoniae Radix, and Xanthii Fructus

黃慕淇

指導教授 ： 徐鳳麟

臺北醫學大學/藥學院/藥學研究所/碩士(1995年)

摘要

為了要探討一些在台灣常被用來治療糖尿病的植物它們有關之降血糖活性成份，本實驗室根據先前的植物篩選而從中選取出山梔子，赤芍藥及蒼耳子，分別分離其所含主成份並做其降血糖活性的研究，以期開發出新的醫療資源。 藉由各種管柱層析法，中壓液相層析法及高效液相層析法共分離出十四個化合物。根據其物理數據，核磁共振光譜，質譜及X-光單晶繞射法等判定，從山梔子純化之六個化合物，為 genipin，geniposide，genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside，shanzhiside，gardenoside and metnyldeacetylasperulosidate，從赤芍藥分離、純化出三個化合物，其結構分別確定為 paeoniflorin, 8-debenzoylpaeoniflorin 及β-sitosterol-3-β-D-glucoside。此外，從蒼耳子亦純化出五個化合物，其結構分別判定為 caffeic acid，potassium 3-O-caffeoyl quinate，1,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid, 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid 及 7-hydroxymetnyl-8,8-dimetnyl-4,8-dihydrobezo[1,4]thiazine-3,5-dione。上述化合物中 paeoniflorin，8-debenzoyl-paeoniflorin 及 potassium 3-O-caffeoyl quinate,1,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid, 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid 及 7-hydroxymethyl-8,8-dimethy1-4,8-dihydrobezo[1,4]thiazine-3,5-dione經初步藥理測定具有降血糖之活性。7-hydroxymethyl-8,8-dimethyl-4,8-dihydrobeiizo[1,4]thiazine-3,5-dione 為文獻上尚未有記載之新化合物。

關鍵字

山梔子 ； 赤芍藥

並列摘要

In order to clarify the active components of Chinese herbs frequently used to treat diabetes mellitus in Taiwan, Gardeniae Fructus, Paeoniae Radix, and Xanthii Fructus were chosen for furthur investigation based on their positive preliminary results. We isolated 14 compounds from above three mentioned plants by using various column chromatography including MPLC and HPLC. Their structures were determined based on the analysis of NMR, MS spectra and X-ray single crystal diffraction. Six compounds obtained from Gardeniae Fructus were genipin, geniposide, genipin -1-β-D- gentiobioside, shanzhiside, gardenoside and methyideacetylasperulosidate. Three compounds isolated from Paeoniae Radix were paeoniflorin, 8-debenzoylpaeoniflorin and β-sitosterol-3-β-D-glucoside. Five compounds obtained from Xanthii Fructus were caffeic acid, potassium 3-O-caffeoyl quinate, 1,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid, 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid and 7-hydroxymethyl-8,8-dimethyl-4,8-dihydro-benzo[1,4]thiazine-3,5-dione. Among them, paeoniflorin, 8-debenzoylpaeoniflorin and potassium 3-O-caffeoyl quinate, 1,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid, 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid and 7-hydroxymethyl-8,8-dimethyl-4,8-dihydro-beiizo[1,4]thiazine-3,5-dione were found to possess hypoglycemic activity. The 7-hydroxymethyl-8,8-dimethyl-4,8-dihydro-benzo[1,4]tluazine-3,5-dione is a new compound.