省產藥材之研究

康碧芬(Kan B-Phan)

指導教授 ： 楊玲玲

臺北醫學大學/藥學院/生藥學研究所/碩士(1998年)

摘要

台灣屬於亞熱帶地區，雨量充沛，植物種類繁多，在天然藥物開發上具有天時地利之條 件。本論文以開發抗皮膚細菌感染有效及安全之天然藥物資源為目的。 本研究從 台北、南投、宜蘭等地採集了94種省產植物之新鮮葉，以70％丙酮萃取，經過40℃以下減 壓濃縮再冷凍乾燥作為材料，保存在-20℃下備用，並且經由FeCl3測試均屬陽性反應，可 知均屬含酚類植物。抗菌活性以瓊脂紙錠擴散試驗法(Paper disc agar diffusion metho d)測定。測試菌種為由人類皮膚及傷口分離出來之七株金黃色葡萄球菌，分別是Staphylo coccus aureus subsp. aureus、S. epidermidis、S. haemolytics、S. xylosus、S. ho minis、S. capitis subsp. capitis、S. cohnii subsp. cohnii中，找尋具有抑制之天 然物。 抗菌活性以抑制圈直徑大於10mm以上為有抗菌活性物質，11-15mm為中度活 性，16-20mm為高度活性。結果顯示，有53種藥材具有抗菌活性，其中桃金孃科的稜果蒲 桃Eugenia uniflora對S. epidermidis具有高度活性的抑制。千屈菜科的黃花黑麥亞Heim ia myrtifolia、使君子科的欖仁樹Terminalia catappa及細葉欖仁T. boivinii 、大戟 科的蓖麻Ricinus communis 、桃金孃科的台灣赤楠Syzygium formosanum又分別對於上述 七株金黃色葡萄球菌具有中度活性的抑制。 安全性試驗以沙門氏菌回復突變測試法 [Salmonella /microsome (Ames) test]進行，針對上述顯著具有抗菌活性之六種藥材的7 0％丙酮萃取物測定其對於Salmonella typhimuriumTA98及TA100是否發生基因突變，結果 台灣赤楠在模擬體內條件加入S9(肝臟酵素)作用下對於TA98具致突變性；稜果蒲桃在不加 S9條件時會產生致突變，一旦加入S9則致突變消失，其他藥材均無致突變。對於TA100則 全不產生致突變。綜合以上結果，欖仁樹、細葉欖仁、黃花黑麥亞、蓖麻及稜果蒲桃均具 有開發安全、有效抗生物質之潛力。

關鍵字

致突變

並列摘要

Taiwan is located at the subtropical zone. It abounds with rainfull and has numerous kinds of plants. It has the opportunity and conditions to develop the natural products. The purpose of the present study was to develop the new 、effective and safe antibacterial infection natural source on skin. We h ave collected ninty-four kinds of fresh leaves of folk medicine from Taipei、N anto and Ilan. They were extracted with 70％ acetone, concentrated, frozen dry , and then stored at -20℃。Using paper disc agar method and broth dilution me thod, seven strains of staphylococcus genus, including staphylococcus aureus s ubsp. aureus 、S. epidermidis、S. haemolyticus、S. xylosus、S. hominis、S. cap itis subsp. capitis、S. cohnii subsp. cohnii were tested for antibacterial act ivity. The diameter of inhibition zone wider than 10mm indicated positiv e for antibacterial activity, 11-15mm moderate potency and 16-20mm show high a ntibacterial potency. Our results indicated that fifty-three out of ninty-four kinds folk medicine tested show antibacterial activity. Especially, Eugenia u niflora has high activity against s. epidermidis, and Heimia myrtifolia、Termi nalia catappa、T. bovinii、Ricinus communis and Syzygium formosanum had modera te activity. We also conducted Samonella/microsome test to examine the th e safety of the six materials which showed the antibacterial activity. The res ult showed that Syzygium formosanum induced TA 98 mutation when S9 was added. In contrast, Eugenia uniflora didn''t induce TA 98 mutation when S9 was added. The remaining materials showed no mutation effect. All the six materials teste d showed no mutation effect to TA100. Taken together, our results suggest that Terminalia catappa、T. bovinii、Heimia myrtifolia 、Ricinus communis and Euge nia uniflora have potential to be developed as the safe and effective antibact erial materials in the furture.