- 學位論文
肥胖者與正常體重者飲食,營養狀況及其相關因素的探討
Comparison of nutrition-related factors between normal weight and obese group
摘要
The prevalence of obesity is increasing in Taiwan, and obesity is highly correlated to the mortality and morbidity of hypertension, diabetic mellitus and cardiovascular disease. It is important to know the differences on dietary patterns and nutrient intake between normal weight and obese groups and the factors that influence body weight. This study was conducted to investigate the differences on anthropometric, biochemical, questionnaire and 24-h recall for normal weight（19.8 * BMI * 24.2 , Body Mass Index (kg/m2)； n=46）and obese groups（BMI * 26.5 ; n=50）. (1) The anthropometric results showed that the levels of waist, hip, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), mid-arm circumference, triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) and diastolic/systolic blood pressure were higher in obese group than in the normal-weight group ( P＜0.05 ). (2) The biochemical data indicated that the obese group had higher triglyceride and total cholesterol (TC) / high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio but lower HDL-C level than the normal weight group ( P＜0.05 ). The blood pressure and lipid levels were positively correlated with WHR level. (3) The dietary pattern questionnaire showed that the obese group ate more sweet and high fat content foods than normal weight group ( P＜0.05 ). The tendency of emotional eating existed in obese group. (4) There was no difference on knowledge score between two groups, but a positive correlation existed between knowledge and dietary practices for normal weight group ( r=0.46 , P＝0.001 ). (5) There was no difference on energy and nutrients intake between two groups. However, more than 60 % of adults did not meet the recommendation for the proportion of three macronutrients set by NHA (National Health Administration). There*s no evidence of difference in exercise energy expenditure in two groups . (6) The distoration of body image was significantly higher in normal weight group than obese group with the percentage of 71.8 % and 24 % , respectively. Obese group had a tendency of higher scores on individual body image attitude statements than normal-weight group. (7) Both groups showed a negative view on attitudes regarding obesity. (8) Most obese people gained weight after delivery or within recent one year. The major motivation of losing weight was self decision. The purpose of losing weight were health or beauty. Forty percent of obese people used diet to lose weight. Less exercise and excess intake of foods were the major causes of gaining weight. Seventy-three percent of obese lost weight after weight-control program. Forty-six percent obese maintained weight for only 1-3 months, and only 9 % people could maintain weight until now.