以超音波觀察不同齒顏面形態成年人的舌頭吞嚥功能

Ultrasound Investigation of the Tongue Function during Swallowing in Different Dentofacial Forms

鄭佳芬(Chia-Fen Cheng)

指導教授 ： 蔡吉陽 ； 彭建綸

臺北醫學大學/口腔學院/牙醫學系碩博士班/碩士(2002年)

摘要

為了瞭解舌頭在咬合發展所扮演的角色，本實驗使用超音波、傳統測顱X光片及牙弓模型為測量工具，檢測舌頭吞嚥功能與齒顏面形態的相關性。選取112名健康的成年志願者為受測對象（男性74位，女性38位，平均年齡為22歲），以電腦輔助B模式結合M模式口腔超音波防震掃描技術評估吞嚥時舌頭的運動情形，計算舌頭在不同吞嚥分期的運動持續時間、運動振幅以及速度，並以簡單相關分析法求得與齒顏面形態的相關性。 結果顯示：舌頭吞嚥運動與齒顏面形態間是有相關的，尤其以早期終止期（Phase IIIa）的運動振幅和齒顏面形態的相關性最為顯著，而運動持續時間及速度與齒顏面形態間較無相關。在齒顏面形態方面，以上下顎骨垂直關係及下顎第一大臼齒萌出度，和舌頭吞嚥運動的相關性最為顯著，但在離舌頭較遠處的顱底以及上顎骨的前後、垂直與旋轉關係，與舌頭吞嚥運動較無關聯；隨著牙弓長度的增加，在晚期終止期的吞嚥持續時間會延長。 由本實驗可知，不同齒顏面形態的個體的舌頭吞嚥功能是有差異的；使用電腦輔助B模式結合M模式口腔超音波防震掃描技術，來評估吞嚥時舌頭運動功能和齒顏面形態之間的關係時，是一種簡單、方便且值得推薦的研究工具。

關鍵字

超音波 ； 吞嚥 ； 齒顏面形態

並列摘要

To understand the role of tongue in the development of occlusion, the relationship between tongue movements during swallowing and dentofacial morphology was examined by ultrasonography, cephalometric radiography and dental casts. The computer-aided B+M-mode ultrasonography was used to assess their tongue movements. Duration, magnitude and speed of tongue movements in different swallowing phase were measured from 112 healthy adult volunteers and compared with their dentofacial morphology using a simple correlation analysis. The results show that the movements of tongue during swallowing are related to the dentofacial morphology especially in the motion magnitude of the early final phase (phase IIIa), while only few correlations are found when analyzing the duration and speed of swallowing. The results also present that the intermaxillary vertical relation has significantly positive relation with the motion magnitude of the tongue movements; however, the cranial base (component 1) and the maxilla (component 2-4), except the palatal depth, show no correlation to swallowing. Furthermore, arch length is found increased with prolonged duration of swallowing. This study also elucidated that the computer-aided B+M-mode ultrasonography in combination with the cushion-scanning technique serves as a valuable tool for investigation of the relationship between tongue movements during swallowing and dentofacial forms.

並列關鍵字

ultrasound ； swallowing ； dentofacial forms

參考文獻

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