以DDS、DDS-half serving、DSS分析台灣北區某區域醫院護理
人員之飲食多樣性與其營養、健康狀況相關性

本研究目的為探討飲食多樣性與營養、健康狀況相關性。針對民國104年至105年台灣地區北區某區域醫院的病房護理人員，排除無意願加入本研究、懷孕、血液生化檢測值有遺漏及具有慢性疾病者。利用飲食頻率問卷方式收集受試者基本特質、工作特質、生活型態及飲食攝取狀況，並輔以員工健康檢查資料庫之血液生化檢測數據。以SPSS 18.0版進行統計分析，當p < 0.05時具有統計意義。本研究共120位完成試驗。以皮爾森相關係數分析飲食攝取份數、飲食多樣性（Dietary diversity score, DDS）、多樣性-半份供應份量（Dietary diversity score-half serving, DDS-half serving）、飲食分數分數（Dietary divrtsity score, DSS），得四者間有顯著相關性。以邏輯斯迴歸分析，得身體質量指數（Body Mass Index, BMI）≧24 kg/m2之DDS-half serving、DSS勝算比分別為2.18、2.23。BMI≧27 kg/m2之DDS-half serving勝算比為4.94。代謝症候群（Metabolic syndrome, MS）≧2因子之DDS-half serving、DSS勝算比2.42、3.33。BMI≧24 kg/m2且MS≧ 2因子、BMI≧27 kg/m2且MS≧ 2因子之DDS-half serving勝算比為2.42、3.33。依食物類別分析，得BMI≧24 kg/m2、BMI≧27 kg/m2、MS≧2因子、BMI≧24 kg/m2且MS≧2因子、BMI≧27 kg/m2且MS≧2因子對全榖/根莖類攝取量較高勝算比分別為2.29、5.96、2.59、5.47及7.07。BMI≧24 kg/m2、MS≧2因子對豆類攝取勝算比為2.39。空腹血糖≧100 mg/dl對蔬菜類攝取量勝算比為3.10。對於此結果與預期目的有顯著的差異，推估可能的原因為受試者是專業的護理人員，有些營養的知識與概念，因此在攝食內容多半注意到各類食物接攝取的均衡度。亦即飲食不僅應該看品質也要看量性資料。結論：飲食攝取份數和DDS、DDS-half serving、DSS四者間具有顯著相關性。但是對於本次受試護理師狀況，DDS、DDS-half serving、DSS無法正確反映與生理現象或代謝症候群的關係。故建議飲食應該兼顧到質與量。

關鍵字

護理人員、飲食多樣性、飲食頻率評估問卷

並列摘要

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between dietary diversity, nutritional status and health status. Design: It is a cross-sectional study. Subjects: Nurses subjects will be recruited from a regional hospital in North Taiwan. Methods: We collected subjects’ basic characteristics, working characteristics, life style, dietary intake data by food frequency questionnaire and blood biochemical data. To assess dietary diversity by using DDS, DDS-half serving, DSS. SPSS software version 21.0 was used to perform statistical analyses. A p value less than .05 was considered as statistic significance. Results: A total of 120 subjects were recruited in this study. There were significantly correlated among dietary intake, DDS, DDS-half serving and DSS. The results after logistic regression analysised as following: The OR of DDS half-serving and DSS were 2.18, 4.94 in BMI ≥24 kg/m2. The OR of DDS half-serving was 4.94 in BMI ≥27 kg/m2. The OR of DDS half-serving and DSS in MS ≥2 factors were 2.42、3.33. The OR of DDS half-serving in BMI ≥24 kg/m2 with MS ≥2 factors and BMI ≥27 kg/m2 with MS ≥2 factors were 2.42, 3.33. The OR of cereals/roots intake of BMI ≥24 kg/m2, BMI ≥27 kg/m2, MS ≥2 factors, BMI ≥24kg/m2 with MS ≥2 factors and BMI ≥27kg/m2 with MS ≥2 factors were 2.29, 5.96, 2.59, 5.47 and 7.07. The OR of legumes/lentils intake in BMI ≥24 kg/m2 and MS ≥2 factors was 2.39. The OR of vegetable intake in GLC-AC ≥100 mg/dl was 3.10. Conclusion: There were significant correlation among DDS, DDS-half serving, DSS and food intake. But DDS, DDS-half serving, DSS could not exactly reflect the status relationship between physiological phenomena or metabolic syndrome of the subject nurses. So, we propose that diet should take into account not only quality but also quantity.