性別角色觀點與社會關係對更年期婦女健康的影響

The Influence of Gender Role Attitude and Social Relationship on Climacteric Women’s Health

張彥寧(Yen-ning Chang)

指導教授 ： 莊媖智

臺北醫學大學/公共衛生暨營養學院/公共衛生學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6831/TMU.2008.00052

摘要

本研究之主要目的為瞭解更年期婦女對性別角色的觀點、社會關係以及個人健康結果三者間的關連。研究方法使用次級資料分析，而資料來源為「國民健康局九十二年台灣婦女更年期健康調查」。研究對象為40-60歲之間的更年期婦女一共947人，以不同更年期階段來分組，分別以描述性統計、卡方檢定、獨立t檢定、單因子變異數分析、邏輯斯迴歸以及複線性迴歸來進行分析。
研究結果發現：一、社會關係會正面的影響更年期婦女的健康結果，對於社會關係愈滿意的受訪者其健康結果比不滿意者要來的好；二、性別角色觀點會正面的影響更年期婦女的健康結果，觀念愈現代化的婦女，其健康結果比觀念愈傳統的婦女要來的好。三、不同的更年期階段的婦女，其影響健康的社會關係因子有所不同，停經中期社交與家庭的滿意度對健康結果有顯著的影響，而停經後期參加社團與否對婦女的健康結果有正向的影響；四、社會關係和性別角色觀點的交互作用都未呈現顯著。
根據研究結果，建議有關單位應該注意更年期婦女的社會關係以及性別角色觀點中自我價值的肯定，並且持續追蹤資料中有健康困擾的婦女，適時的運用一些介入方案來提升其健康結果。將來推動的方案也應該就不同更年期階段來規劃，才能達到最大的效果。未來研究上應該發展更適合國內婦女的社會關係量表以及性別角色觀點量表，希望更加瞭解更年期婦女的性別角色觀點是如何影響健康。

關鍵字

更年期 ； 社會關係 ； 性別角色觀點 ； 自評健康 ； 更年期症狀

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study is to understand the relationships among gender perspective, social relationships, and individual health outcomes among menopausal women. This study uses a secondary data analysis and the data come from The 2003 Taiwan Menopausal Women Health Survey. The study sample includes 947 menopausal women aged 40-60. The health outcomes include self-rated health and symptoms of menopause. Social relationships were measured by different domains including overall social relationships satisfaction, friends contact frequency, etc. Gender perspective was measured by “Attitude toward Women Scale”. Chi-square test, t-test, one-way ANOVA, logistic regression models, and multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the results.

The results show four major findings. First, social relationship is positively associated with menopausal women’s health outcome; those who are satisfied with their social relationships have better health outcome than those who are not satisfied with their social relationships. Second, gender perspective is positively associated with menopausal women’s health outcome; those who have modern view toward women have better health outcomes than those who have more traditional view toward women. Third, women in different menopausal stages are influenced by different social relationship variables. For example, overall social relationship satisfaction and overall family satisfaction have significant effects on peri-menopausal women, while joining a social activity have significant effects on post menopausal women. Fourth, the interaction between gender perspective and social relationships show no effect on health outcomes.

The findings of this study point to potential public health interventions. Such interventions include designing programs empowering menopausal women to have better social relationships and to increase self-value. Relevant government units should follow those women who have had health problems in this study. It is also necessary to design the program according to different stages of the menopause. Future studies should develop more rigorous gender perspective scale and social relation scale in order to obtain valid results.

並列關鍵字

Menopause ； Social relationship ； Gender perspective ； Self-rated health ； Symptoms of Menopause

參考文獻

王育群. (2006). 更年期婦女對荷爾蒙療法及保健食品之風險知覺與使用. 台灣大學衛生政策與管理研究所碩士論文.

張玨. (2003). 更年期婦女健康是公共衛生政策的議題. 台灣公共衛生雜誌, 22(4), 24-250.

張玨, & 張菊惠. (1998). 婦女健康與「醫療化」：以停經期/更年期為例. 婦女與兩性學刊, 4, 145-185.

張珏, 周松男, 陳芬苓, & 張菊惠. (1995). 。一般經期與更年期自述症狀的研究. 中華衛誌, 14(2), 191-200.

曹麗英. (1998). 台灣婦女更年期經驗之探討-處於健康多變化的時期. 護理研究, 6(6), 448-460.