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  • 學位論文

計劃性呼吸器脫離系統建置與應用

Implementation of a Mechanical Ventilation Weaning Protocal System

指導教授 : 徐建業

摘要


醫療科技迅速發展,急重症病患因獲得特殊醫療與照顧後,得以延長生命,導致呼吸器依賴的病患增加。持續依賴呼吸器有兩個基本的問題:(1) 疾病因素:例如機械或氣體交換的問題而持續使用正壓呼吸器 (2) 臨床人員因素:醫療人員因判別錯誤延遲呼吸器脫離時間或呼吸器參數設置不當導致脫離的困難。對於呼吸衰竭病患我們何時開始脫離呼吸器:(1)疾病狀況穩定; (2) 氣體交換恢復例如較低的吐氣末正壓 (PEEP) 及氧合 (FiO2) 改善; (3) 血液動力學穩定; (4) 患者有能力開始自主呼吸。這些訊息通常是現成的,醫療人員應將這些問題作為“呼吸器脫離篩檢 (wean screen) ”進行每天評估 。「即時判斷病患已恢復呼吸功能,儘早協助自發性呼吸訓練,可有效加速呼吸器脫離 。但患者在呼吸器脫離中,常因不同醫療人員主觀判斷與評估,導致呼吸器脫離時間延長,因此如何應用醫學資訊系統,幫助醫療人員更專注於臨床工作上,儘速讓呼吸器病患脫離呼吸器。 文獻證明,實施計劃性脫離 (protocolized weaning 、weaning protocol)可加速病患脫離呼吸器、縮短使用呼吸器日數、縮短呼吸器脫離日數及節省醫療成本支出 。目前呼吸器脫離的處置決策仍得全依賴臨床人員的經驗。若能運用資訊科技建構一個系統,不僅可減輕臨床人員的決策負擔,更可以做為新進人員的訓練及參考工具。 本系統讀取RTIS系統資料及臨床生理資訊匯入計劃性呼吸器脫離系統提供即時脫離現況,以燈號顯示是否進入脫離、嘗試脫離現況、已拔管提示及脫離失敗指標。系統伺服器端採用Windows內建IIS伺服器為平台,並以ASP.NET為應用系統的主要開發語言,整合互動式網頁技術 (Ajax、jQuery與jQuery UI)建立友善的網頁操作介面。同時透過ADO.NET 與後端資料庫Microsoft SQL Server 2008 進行連結、存取。使用者端只需透過瀏覽器即可進入系統。藉由計劃性呼吸器脫離系統之呼吸器脫離畫面篩檢 (weaning screen) ,進行每日評估幫助醫療人員儘速讓呼吸器病患脫離呼吸器。

並列摘要


According to the references, to implement weaning protocol or protocolized weaning can reduce patients' reliance on ventilator, the length of time on using ventilator and save on the cost of medical expenditure. The decision on the treatment of weaning relies on the experiences of the clinical care. Using information technology to construct a system not only can reduce the pressure in the decision making process for the clinical care, but also to train new staff. Therefore, this thesis seeks to construct a systematic implementations and application of a ventilator weaning protocol system , to effectively manage the individual usage of Ventilator, to grasp the trend of Ventilator , and to supervise the way medical stuff actively train the patients to weaning Ventilator.

並列關鍵字

Ventilation Weaning Protocal

參考文獻


Blackwood, B.(2000). The art and science of predicting patient readiness for weaning from mechanical ventilation. International journal of nursing studies, 37 , 145-151.
Boles, J. M., et al. (2007).Weaning from mechanical ventilation. European Respiratory Journal, 29, 1033-1056.
Brochard, L., Rauss, A., Benito, S., Conti, G., Mancebo, J., Rekik, N., et al. (1994). Comparison of three methods of gradual withdrawal from ventilator support during weaning from mechanical ventilation. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 150, 896-903.
Form Blackwood, Fiona Alderdice, Karen Burns, Chris Cardwell, et al. ( 2011). Use of weaning protocols for reducing duration of mechanical ventilation in critically ill adult patients: Cochrance systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ; 342:c7237
Cook, D. J., Meade, M.O., Guyatt, G.H., Griffith L. & Booker, L. (2000). Weaning from mechanical ventilation. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [ContractNo. 290-97-0017, Task order number2]. McMaster Evidence Based Practice Center.

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