民國八十八年一月二十五日「地方制度法」公布施行,地方自治團體就其自治事項範圍可制定「自治法規」,自治法規經地方立法機關通過並由各該行政機關公布者稱「自治條例」,自治法規由地方行政機關訂定併發布或下達者稱「自治規則」,同時地方行政機關基於中央法律、法規命令之授權或基於職權,就委辦事項得制頒「委辦規則」。地方自治團體之立法權,已從被壓縮矮化為行政命令的地位,升格為地方性的法律性質,地方立法權的自主空間均比以前增加。 自治法規是地方自治團體辦理自治事項的法源依據,地方立法權為地方自治的核心本質,地方制度法雖賦予地方自治法規全新規範功能,然其實務運作,仍偏向高度中央集權之地方自治運作模式致爭議迭起,現行地方自治立法權的爭議,不只存在於中央政府和各級地方政府之間,也存在於上級地方自治團體與下級地方自治團體之間,亟待解決,因此本文乃以「地方制度法」為研究核心,從憲法保障、中央法令、中央政府與地方自治團體之間關係,探究地方自治立法中垂直式權力分立立法權之界限並針對我國地方制度當前施行現況及缺失,提出下列建議:一、研訂地方制度法相關法規,整備地方自治法制。二、明確劃分中央與地方權限劃,剩餘權限全部劃歸地方。三、採行「機關訴訟」解決「府際爭議」。四、地方自治團體得提起中央法規命令違法之行政爭訟。五、建議地方自治團體透過由下而上方式取得權力。六、強化法制人員本職學能。七、訂定地方分權
bstract On Jan.25.1999,the「Local Government Act」was publicized,sanctioning the local councils to wield substantial right within their jurisdiction in the future,changing all the autonomous codes and articles to 「Autonomous Articles」 with the local administrative agencies allowed to establish「Autonomous-codes」,and design as 「Commission codes 」 those assigned tasks by basing such on central laws,sanctions,or jurisdictions 。In as such,the room for autonomy in local legislative right has generally been expanded,Whether for local autonomous groups,autonomous issues,and limited legislative right for commission tasks,The legislative powers of autonomous group has been upgraded from an oppressed administrative instruction to one with local legal status。 Local legislative powers is the nexus local self- government。Autonomous laws is the key legal basis for autonomous groups to promote autonomous issues ,The local autonomous laws is related to the new design of specification and function so autonomous laws,not to be likened to the limited legal efficacy of local laws of the past ,Upon Closer examination,Though more complete and advanced than before,the autonomous law are still operated via a mode highly biased towards centralized power ,Hence this paper maid examines the limits of vertically-distributed legislative rights。 Finally this paper proposes the Follows 1、Quickly establish relevant by laws or local Self-government laws so as to achieve comprehensive rule-by-law。 2、Refer to the American system and explicitly define central and local jurisdictions,and delegate the remaining rights to local parties。 3、Refer to the American and German systems where「intra-governmental-disputes」are handled by「bureaucratic suit」, and set up an 「autonomous court」’inside administrative courts。 4、Local autonomous groups should acquire rights from the bottom up。 5、Via legislative revisions,distinguish self-governing matters in local policy laws in to optional and obligatory categories。 6、 Enhance the caliber of local law-enforcemen t personnel。 7、.Establish laws to advance localized rights so as to promote localized legal policies。