在鈑金成形(sheet metaltest)的過程中,摩擦力的量測一般分為圓緣實 驗(draw bead test)與衝鎚摩擦實驗,其中圓緣實驗是測量鈑金與圓緣間 之摩擦力而衝鎚摩擦實驗則是萬能拉伸試驗機配合特製的夾治具,以軸對 稱鈑金成形時衝頭與鈑金間之摩擦狀況而在摩擦模式的理論中,摩擦力的 計算大部分仍使用簡單的摩擦式,而忽略在真實摩擦中的各種複雜因素的 影響。對於常見於鈑金成形時邊界摩擦狀況,雖已完成理論與實驗的驗證 。然而邊界摩擦狀況只是多種界面摩潤情形中的一種而已,為建立一個更 完整且真實的摩擦模式,本論文將模擬並驗證在衝鎚摩擦實驗中的完整界 面行為,模擬的參數除了考慮傳統的外在參數(界面壓力、表面滑動速度 )外,並考慮內在參數(潤滑油種類、速度、工具和工件的表面速度)的 影響,並從油膜厚度和表面粗度的比值,界面摩潤行為分類出厚油膜、薄 油膜、混合油膜和邊界油膜等四種完整摩擦理論,理論模擬出的摩擦係數 將和實驗量測值做一比較,希望藉由比較結果,提供理論摩擦模式的修正 方向,進一步使得摩潤學在金屬成形的應用上有更實際而有效的貢獻。
Lubrication and friction play a very important role in sheet metal forming process. Despite the complexity and importance of friction models such as the Amontons-Coulomb constant friction coefficient, most current simulations of metal forming processes use relatively simple friction models such as the Amontons- Coulomb constant friction coefficient. A realistic friction model should include the internal variables such as lubricant film thickness, tooling roughness and workpiece roughness. In the present reseach, the punch friction tests which use a tensile strip experiment to simulate the streching of sheet over a punch corner redius in a typical draw die were used to measure the internal variables effects in every regime friction condition. The theoretical prediction of friction coefficient will be compared with the experimental measurements. Examples of various stretching situation will be provided in the paper.