野戰勤務設施選址最佳化

Optimization of the Location Selection for Field Service Facilities

張大剛

指導教授 ： 胡黃德 博士

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2004年)

摘要

國軍平時各類軍品運補，無論從基地、地區分庫、及使用單位，其設施位置均為固定。但在戰時野戰勤務設施之開設，則須隨戰況改變與臨時選址。若是移動距離增加，則運輸成本將隨之增加，因此運輸配送中心除需考慮設施選址位置，更要求總搬運距離最小化。本研究以Visual Basic軟體，撰寫結合地圖的選址程式。首先選擇勤務服務中心之位址，以作為起始參考點，然後分別以直線距離計算各選址距離，排序後配置各野戰勤務設施位址。根據已選址的勤務設施位址，本研究分別比較三種選址模式：第一，以重心法作為求解配送中心位址；第二，以重心法求解值作為起始解，並做鄰域搜尋最佳解；第三，以中位數法求解中心位址。結果顯示，無論各野戰勤務設施權重是否相同，「以重心法作為起始解並鄰域搜尋最佳解」的模式可使運輸配送中心的選址模式，可以達到配送至各野戰勤務設施之總旅行距離最小化之目標。

關鍵字

野戰勤務設施 ； 配送中心 ； 重心法 ； 鄰域搜尋

並列摘要

The supplies facilities of the military force, such as the base, the depot, or local warehouse are normally located at fixed location. However, during the period of field service, these facilities may change throughout the situation of the war. If these facilities were moved further, the cost of transportation would increase accordingly. Therefore, it is requisite for the distribution center to find the best location to other field service facilities, and the objective of the minimum total traveling distance is required. This study searches for the best locations by using the Visual Basic program incorporated with the geographical maps. First, the site of the service center was calculated as a starting reference location. Then, the other field service facilities were calculated with Euclidean distance and ranked them with order. Based on these selected locations, three alternative models were compared: 1) computes the distribution center by using the “center of gravity method” procedure; 2) utilizes the “center of gravity method” as an initial solution, then performs the neighborhood search; and 3) uses the “median method” as solution procedure. The results show that the method of the “center of gravity with neighborhood search method” performed best in finding the minimum traveling distance.

並列關鍵字

field service facilities ； Distribution Center ； Center of Gravity method ； Neighborhood Search