台灣鄉鎮市體制變革之研究

A STUTY ON A HSIANG/TOWNSHIP/CITY SYSTEM REFORM IN TAIWAN

徐秀華(Hsiu-Hua Hsu)

指導教授 ： 紀 俊 臣 博士 ； 李 弘 暉 博士

元智大學/管理學院/管理研究所/碩士(2003年)

摘要

我國勵行地方自治已逾五十年，歷經地方自治法治化過程數度變革，然而實務運作面卻問題叢生，尤其處於地方政府第一線地位之鄉鎮市，更是長期受到地方派系與黑金等外環境，以及缺人、缺錢、缺權等內環境因素的動態影響，導致政治與行政的惡質化、自治成效不彰，因而「鄉鎮市非自治法人化」的議題即不斷被提出，並引起各界熱烈討論與爭辯。
本研究將從鄉鎮市自治診斷為出發點，從我國鄉鎮市體制歷史演進過程與地方自治的法治發展，探討我國地方自治生態惡質化現象與鄉鎮市自治的關係，對於未來鄉鎮市體制變革是否應維持現制或非自治化，還是採更多元化的設計模式，經由政治、組織、行政及服務文化等選擇因子與SWOT、TQM及SQI等評析工具加以評估，究應採一式多元或多式一元抑是多式多元的制度設計，透過對各方案的利弊得失比較，選擇最適方案，落實修正地方制度法的法制層面。
本研究發現：
一. 地方制度法及相關法制之規定應配合調整。
二. 賦予我國鄉鎮市政府具組織彈性自主的設計權。
三. 鄉鎮市體制變革應符合地方自治精神。
四. 鄉鎮市體制變革應有完整配套措施。
鄉鎮市係攸關基層民眾生活福祉，不宜有任何試驗的僥倖心態，不論是強首長制、經理制、或委員會制皆可加以比較分析，在權衡政治文化最適下，推動變革，並做好溝通協調以減少政府再造工程的阻力，提高成功的程度。

關鍵字

地方自治 ； 鄉鎮市體制 ； 體制變革

並列摘要

In the Republic of China (Taiwan), the local autonomy system has been in enforcement for over half a century. Notwithstanding of reforms on several occasions in the process of local autonomy legalization, such system has developed numerous problems in a row, in particular in the grass roots level of the Hsiang/township/city. With the prolonged domination of the local mafia, local factions as well as unsound money domination along with the deficiencies of human resources, budgets and required powers, the politics and administration in such grass roots level have become deteriorated with insignificant performance in local autonomy. In turn, the issues of non-local autonomy legality in the Hsiang/township/city levels have been increasingly voiced into heated discussions and controversies.
The present study starts up from the diagnosis into the local autonomy in the Hsiang/township/city levels to look into the development of the legal process as well as the vicissitudes of the local autonomy in Taiwan. In turn, it probes into the deteriorated local autonomy in Taiwan and the relationship of the Hsiang/township/city level local autonomy. In the future, should the Hsiang/township/city systems remain at the local autonomy of the status quo, or non-local autonomy, or should be in more diversified model? The present study tries to find out answers. Through those political, organizational, administrative, service and cultural factors as well as such analytical tools as SWOT, TQM & SQI, the present study will try to answer the question of unitary multifaceted, multifaceted unitary or simply diversified designs. Through a comparison of merits, demerits, strengths and weaknesses, it tries to find out the optimal policies to be materialized into the legal aspects of local autonomy.
1. Key findings yielded in the study
2. Coordinating adjustment of the Local System Law and relevant laws and ordinances .
3. Endowment of the powers to the Hsiang/township/city governments for flexible design of the organization.
4. The change in the Hsiang/township/city systems should live up to the local autonomy spirit.
5. The renovation in the Hsiang/township/city systems should be accompanied with complete supporting measures.
The Hsiang/township/city performance is vitally important to the public welfare and should not be put into a test by fluke. In powerful government chief systems, managerial systems or commissioner systems, it can be put into comparative analysis to launch reforms in the optimal politics and culture with sound communications and coordination to minimize potential obstruction against the renovation efforts in order to maximize success.

並列關鍵字

HASH(0xb217af0)

參考文獻

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