縮聚法處理高濃度含酚衍生物廢水之研究

Treatment of High Concentration Phenolic Wastewater by Polycondensation

許育彰(Yu J. Shiu)

指導教授 ： 林勝雄

元智大學/工程學院/化學工程與材料科學學系/碩士(2005年)

摘要

酚類化合物普遍存在於許多工業廢水中，而煤礦開採、石油煉製、煉焦工業等為該類化合物之主要來源。目前工業界最常用的處理方法有生物處理、物理或化學吸附、萃取、化學氧化等，雖皆能去除酚類化合物，但卻有處理濃度無法太高、處理成本昂貴等問題，為石化工業帶來很大的困擾。因此，在此研究中針對酚、鄰甲酚及間苯二酚等高濃度酚衍生物廢水以結合一步縮聚與二步縮聚程序進行處理。

實驗的研究目的是為了解決高濃度含酚衍生物廢水，去探討酚衍生物處理效果可達排放標準1 mg/L以下的可行性，實驗結果以水中酚衍生物的去除率為判斷依據，分為一步縮聚與二步縮聚程序進行處理，首先一步縮聚，以各種不同變因去加以研究討論。如Mole Ratio(甲醛莫耳數(F) /酚衍生物莫耳數(P))、鹽酸莫耳數添加量、反應時間等。由實驗結果可得知，在F/P比大、鹽酸莫耳數添加量大的情況下，酚類衍生物的處理效果有顯著的提升；生成物產量也有明顯的增加；生成物的分子量也隨著變大。雖然各酚類衍生物處理的趨勢差不多，但是最佳的處理條件有所不同，經適當操作條件的選擇，酚、鄰甲酚、間苯二酚去除率分別可達99.22%、98.78%及98.90%左右。

經由一步縮聚處理完後，水中酚類衍生物濃度已經不高，再利用二步縮聚進行處理。探討的變因有Mole Ratio(尿素莫耳數(U)/甲醛莫耳數(F))、pH值、反應時間等。由實驗結果可得知，在pH值為1的情況下有最佳的處理效果；U/F比大與反應時間長的情況下，處理效果也有提升。

由以上實驗結果證明，結合一步縮聚與二步縮聚程序改進了目前高濃度含酚衍生物廢水處理方法的缺失，可為現今酚衍生物廢水處理的實際應用提供另一種選擇。

關鍵字

縮聚法 ； 酚

並列摘要

Phenol chemical compound exist of a lot of industrial wastewater. Coal mining, petrochemical refining and coal tar making are typical industries where phenolic compounds exist in the wastewater. Currently, popular methods employed by the industries for treating phenolic wastewater include biological treatment, liquid extraction, adsorption using macroreticular resins and chemical oxidation. Although can all get rid of the phenol chemical compound , deal with the unable too high , problem of dealing with the cost of the thickness expensivly, bring very great puzzlement to the petrochemical industry. So, deal with by combining a step of polycondensation and two step polycondensation procedures high thickness phenol derivative wastewater , such as phenol , o-cresol and resorcinol in this research.

The research purpose of the experiment is to include the phenol derivative wastewater for solve the high thickness, probe into the phenol to spread out and can reach the feasibility under discharge standard 1 mg/L to carry out a biological disposal upon the result, the experimental result regards getting removal of the phenol derivative in water as the basis of judging, is divided into a step polycondensation and two step polycondensation procedures and dealt with , a step polycondensation, become and study and discuss by all kinds of at first. If Molar Ratio (formaldehyde mole (F) /phenol mole(P )),HCl Mole , response time . By the experimental result, situation of adding F/P and HCl Mole, there is apparent improvement in the treatment result of the phenol derivative ; The amount of produce produced sees a obvious increase too; The molecular weight of the product , with adding too. Although, treatment result of the phenol derivative is the same, but the best treatment condition is different to some extent, through operating the choice of the condition properly, the phenol , o-cresol , resorcinol are got removal and can be up to about 99.22% , 98.78% and 98.90%.

After dealing with a step polycondensation, the phenol derivative is not high in thickness in water, utilize two steps of polycondensation to deal with . Study and discuss by Mole Ratio (urea mole (U ) /formaldehyde mole (F )), pH value , response time. By the experimental result, there is the best treatment result for the situation of 1 in pH value; situation of adding U/F and response time, deal with result is it raise to have even.

Proved by the above experimental result, have combined a step of condensation and two step condensation procedures and improved the problem of high concentration phenol derivative wastewater treatment method at present, can offer another kind of choice for practical application of phenol derivative waste water treatment now .

並列關鍵字

Polycondensation ； phenol