活性碳吸附對汽車表面塗裝噴塗房含漆霧排氣之處理效能評估

Evaluation of Activated Carbon Adsorption Treatment on Exhaust with Paint Mists Emitted from Painting Booths on Automobile Surface Coating

蘇維彬

指導教授 ： 江右君

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2003年)

摘要

汽車表面塗裝噴塗房之排氣中，除了揮發性有機物(VOCs)外，尚具有微量漆霧，可能直接或間接影響污染防制設備對VOC之處理效能。因此，本研究主要目的乃在分析汽車表面塗裝噴塗房之排氣特性，並進而探討漆霧的出現對活性碳吸附塔處理效能之影響。
本研究選擇某汽車廠為對象，調查並分析該廠表面塗裝噴塗房排氣之基本特性資料。鑑於排氣中VOCs組成相當複雜，本研究僅選擇其中含量較高的甲苯和二甲苯進行後續實驗模擬。VOC的濃度由GC和直讀式儀器測定。考慮圓柱狀和顆粒狀活性碳，以及活性碳纖維氈等三種吸附材質，由實廠操作記錄漆霧附著量隨時間之變化，並產生不同漆霧附著量的活性碳樣本。參考ASTM和相關文獻資料，建立活性碳飽和吸附及貫穿實驗系統。
研究結果發現，雖然漆霧的飽和附著量以活性碳纖維氈最大；但活性碳纖維氈對吸附質之飽和吸附容量受漆霧影響最小。利用反應動力方程式，進行貫穿曲線模擬時發現之吸附速率常數kv除受到吸附質之莫耳極性、活性碳表面風速及活性碳床進出口濃度影響外，也與活性碳之物化特性有關。在技術性上，三種活性碳均能應用在汽車表面塗裝之噴塗房，但在經濟性上，以活性碳纖維氈之成本最高，其次則為顆粒碳與圓柱碳。而在環保署考慮征收空污費的前提下，塗裝噴塗房排氣處理設備的設置就極具經濟誘因。

關鍵字

活性碳吸附 ； 表面塗裝 ； 揮發性有機物 ； 漆霧

並列摘要

The exhaust emitted from painting booths for automobile surface coating contains various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) accompanied with a portion of tiny paint mists, which would decrease the performance of air pollution control device for VOC. Therefore, the objectives of this study are intended to characterize the exhaust emitted from painting booths on automobile surface coating, and to evaluate the effect of the existence of paint mist on VOC adsorption on activated carbons.
The information about the emission from painting booths is obtained from one automobile company in existence. Because of the Complexity of VOC composition in exhaust, only toluene and xylene, the most two amounts in exhaust, are chosen for following experiments. The concentrations of VOCs are determined by GC and a direct-reading instrument. Three types of activated carbons are used to evaluate the adsorption performance, and their physicochemical properties are analyzed. By the field operation, the adherent amounts of paint mist with time are measured and the activated carbon samples with different amounts of paint mist are obtained. Referring to the guidelines on ASTM and the literature, the layouts for adsorption capacity and breakthrough experimental systems are set up.
The results show that although the most adsorption amount of paint mist occurs on activated carbon fiber (ACF) samples, the effect of the VOCs adsorption on ACF are least affected in the existence of paint mist. By the simulations of breakthrough curves, the outcomes illustrate that the adsorption rate coefficients (kv) in Reaction Kinetic Equation are related to the physicochemical properties of activated carbons, except for the VOC molar polarization, the surface air velocity of activated carbon tower, and the inlet and outlet concentrations of VOC. In view of the three Es (Environment, Engineering and economics), the applicability of activated carbon adsorption technologies on VOC exhaust with paint mist has been evaluated and the optimal activated carbon type has also been suggested.

並列關鍵字

HASH(0xcb7b52c)

參考文獻

ASTM D2862-92 , 〞Standard Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Activated Carbon 〞, 1996.

ASTM D2866-94 , 〞Standard Test Method for Total Ash content of Activated Carbon 〞, 1996.

ASTM D3467-94 , 〞Standard Test Method for Carbon Tetrachloride Activity of Activated Carbon 〞, 1996.

ASTM D3838-80 , 〞Standard Test Method for pH of Activated Carbon 〞, 1996.

Chang Chang-tang , Lee Ching-hwa , Ping-yo , Jeng Fu-tien , 〞Assessment of the strategies for reducing volatile organic compound emissions in the automotive industry in Taiwan〞, Resources, Conservation and Recycling , vol.34 , p117—128, 2002